阿坝州不同民族公务员心理健康与职业紧张的相关性分析

Correlation Analysis of Mental Health and Occupational Stress among Civil Servants of Different Ethnic Groups in Autonomous Prefecture of Ngawa

目的比较四川省阿坝州不同民族公务员的心理健康和职业紧张水平,并探索两者之间的相关性。方法采用分层随机抽样法,利用职业紧张反应量表、广泛性焦虑量表(GAD-7)、抑郁筛查量表(PHQ-9)、失眠严重程度指数(ISI)和心理弹性量表(CD-RISC)对阿坝州2949名公务员进行心理健康状况调查,并采用多因素Logistic回归分析其心理健康的影响因素。结果汉族公务员的焦虑情绪总分为(8.71±4.92)分,高于少数民族总分(7.91±4.75)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。汉族公务员职业紧张总分为(26.54±10.48)分,高于少数民族总分(24.04±10.76)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。不同民族公务员的抑郁情绪、失眠严重程度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。职业紧张与焦虑情绪、抑郁情绪、失眠严重程度呈显著正相关,r分别为0.799,0.301和0.130(P<0.01),与心理弹性呈显著负相关(r=-0.28,P<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,管理岗(OR=0.754,95%CI=0.591~0.963)、经常吸烟(OR=1.511,95%CI=1.097~2.082)、藏族(OR=1.368,95%CI=1.049~1.784)、其他少数民族(OR=4.136,95%CI=1.540~11.109)、认知行为紧张(OR=1.213,95%CI=1.143~1.288)、心理紧张(OR=1.198,95%CI=1.167~1.231)、躯体紧张(OR=1.334,95%CI=1.282~1.388)是焦虑的危险因素,高心理弹性(OR=0.977,95%CI=0.970~0.984)是焦虑的保护性因素。结论职业紧张与心理健康具有水平显著正相关,降低职业紧张可以有效缓解焦虑情绪,尤其应该关注汉族公务员,对其进行早期干预。

Objective To compare the mental health and occupational stress levels of civil servants of different ethnic groups in Autonomous Prefecture of Ngawa and explore the relationship between them.Methods The stratified random sampling method was adopted, and the occupational stress response scale, 7-items Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale(GAD-7),Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ-9),Insomnia Severity Index(ISI),Chinese Version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC)were used to conduct a mental health survey of 2 949 civil servants in Tibetan Qiang Autonomous Prefecture of Ngawa and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the influen-cing factors of mental health.Results The total score of anxiety of Han civil servants(8.71±4.92 points)was hig-her than that of ethnic minorities(7.91±4.75 points),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).The total score of Han ethnic group civil servants’ occupational stress(26.54±10.48 points)was higher than that of ethnic minorities(24.04±10.76 points),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).There was no statistical difference in the severity of depression and insomnia among civil servants of different ethnic groups (P>0.05).Occupational stress was significantly positively correlated with anxiety, depression, and severity of insomnia, with r being 0.799,0.301,and 0.130(P<0.01),respectively, and was significantly negatively correlated with mental resilience(r=-0.28,P<0.01).The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that management posts(OR=0.754,95%CI=0.591-0.963),regular smoking(OR=1.511,95%CI=1.097-2.082),Tibetans(OR=1.368,95%CI=1.049-1.784),other ethnic minorities(OR=4.136,95%CI=1.540-11.109),cognitive behavioral stress(OR=1.213,95%=CI1.143-1.288),psychological stress(OR=1.198,95%CI=1.167-1.231),Physical tension(OR=1.334,95%CI=1.282-1.388)were risk factors for anxiety, and high mental flexibility(OR=0.977,95%CI=0.970-0.984)was a protective factor for anxiety.Conclusion Occupational stress is significantly positively correlated with the level of mental health.Reducing occupational stress can effectively alleviate anxiety.In particular, attention and early intervention should be paid to Han civil servants.