语/象统觉与生命变构:论小说《金翅雀》中的语象叙事

Language/Image Apperception and Life Transformation: On Ekphrasis in the Novel The Goldfinch

美国女作家唐娜·塔特的成长小说《金翅雀》于2014年获得普利策小说奖,小说中以名画"金翅雀"与主人公的纠缠为主线,主人公通过对视觉艺术品的认知,在不同阶段用不同的眼光来观察、感知和言说再现,形成不同的统觉,并经由语象叙事呈现出主人公成长中内心的不同阶段,其中"解剖课"成为了主人公习得创伤和陷入困境的现实具象,静物画成为定格自己内心创伤的休憩之所,"金翅雀"完成了主人公对人生和存在的顿悟,从而构造出主人公在经历爆炸之后创伤-成长的完整过程。名画与主人公在这一成长过程中的产生的张力也显示了视觉艺术品在治愈创伤和青少年成长中的美育作用,以及由此揭示出语象叙事的跨媒介性和隐喻性。

American author Donna Tartt’s initiation novel The Goldfinch won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 2014. This novel focuses on the entanglement of the famous painting "Goldfinch" and a growing boy named Theo. Through the perception of visual artworks, Theo observes, perceives and verbally reproduces with different eyes at different stages, forming various apperception, and presenting the different stages of Theo’s inner growth through ekphrasis, in which "The Anatomy Lesson" of Rembrandt becomes a realistic image of Theo’s trauma and predicament, the Natura Mortes materializes a resting place to freeze his inner trauma, and "the Goldfinch" of Fabritius completes the Theo’s epiphany on life and existence, thus constructing a complete process of trauma-growth after the growing character’s experience of the explosion. The tension between the painting and the boy in this growth process also shows the aesthetic role of visual artworks in the healing of trauma and the growth of youth, as well as the cross-media and metaphorical nature of ekphrasis.