清乾嘉《汉书》研究的总成绩与检讨

The total achievement and review of the study of Hanshu in Qianjia period

清乾嘉时期的《汉书》研究,是乾嘉学术乃至整个清代学术重要的组成部分。乾嘉诸儒以考据入史学,既援经入史,又以史证经,围绕《汉书》的纪、表、志、传“四体”及史汉异同作了全面研究与总结,不仅产生了大量相关专门论著,在通释性研究、表志校注及史汉异同等方面取得了显著成绩,还涌现出大量文集笔记,成为对《汉书》专门性论著的有益补充,并在整体上呈现出集大成式的多元化、多样性研究面貌。可以说,清乾嘉《汉书》研究在前人的基础上注重纵横结合、通断比较,坚守中有突破,综合中有创新。对于清乾嘉《汉书》研究面貌、特征与成绩进行严谨科学的梳理辨析,有助于对清代学术乃至整个中国史学史研究有一个更为深入的认识与理解,并提供一定借鉴。而对于中国传统“《汉书》学”而言,清乾嘉《汉书》研究是登堂入室的拐杖与钥匙。

The study of Hanshu in the Qianjia period of the Qing Dynasty is an important part of Qianjia academy and even the whole academy of the Qing Dynasty.The Confucian scholars of the Qianjia period incorporated textual research into the study of historical classics,resulting in a large number of relevant special works.Remarkable achievements were made in the research of general interpretation,and a large number of anthology notes emerged,which became a useful supplement to the specialized works of Hanshu,and an integrated and diversified research face as a whole is presented.It can be said that there is innovation in the research and synthesis of Hanshu in Qianjia period of the Qing Dynasty.A rigorous and scientific analysis of the research features,characteristics and achievements of Hanshu in Qianjia period of the Qing Dynasty will help to have a more in-depth understanding of the academic study of the Qing Dynasty and even the whole study of Chinese history,and provide some reference.For the Chinese traditional“Research of Hanshu”,the study of Hanshu in the Qianjia period of the Qing Dynasty is the key.