副凋亡在肿瘤中的研究进展

Research progress of paraptosis in tumor

肿瘤是严重危害人类健康的疾病之一,流行病学数据显示,2018年全球约有1810万肿瘤新发病例以及960万肿瘤死亡病例;肿瘤的发病率和死亡率在全球范围内迅速增长,其难治性及危害性使得肿瘤成为全球最重要的生命科学领域之一[1]。细胞死亡方式的研究对于肿瘤有重要意义,如细胞凋亡的发现对肿瘤细胞的清除及肿瘤治疗学产生了巨大影响,但单一方式的治疗常常伴随耐药性的产生[2-4];与此同时,诱导肿瘤细胞其它死亡形式在临床抗肿瘤治疗中也发挥重要的作用[5]。

Paraptosis is a one of programmed cell death. Its typical morphological feature is vacuolization of the cytoplasm. Membrane localization is very important in the process of paraptosis. Morphological characteristics of paraptosis are mainly observed by microscopy or electron microscopy. Membrane localization is detected by fluorescent protein-labeled mitochondria or endoplasmic reticulum. The paraptosis marker is AIP-1/Alix. MAPK and Wnt/β-catenin play important roles in paraptosis. Key protein molecules,such as AIP-1/Alix,cyclophilin,CHOP,GRP78,MMP7,cyclin D1,c-Jun,HSP70,BAP31 and so on,are also involved in paraptosis. A comprehensive and systematic clarification of the research progress of paraptosis provides a new perspective on the development of anti-tumor drugs.