基于绿色评价的冷链物流车辆路径优化

Optimization of cold chain logistics vehicle routing based on green evaluation

针对冷链物流配送的车辆路径问题,在多种冷藏车辆、多配送中心和多商品种类的情况下,考虑车辆的经济性、绿色与可持续性,以配送总成本与配送车辆评价最优为目标构建冷链物流车辆路径优化模型,建立由社会环境、经济性和质量3个维度构成的车辆评价指标体系,并构建基于α-水平截集的模糊TOPSIS模型对冷藏车辆进行评价,得到综合考虑下的车辆评价值.在车辆评价结果的基础上,建立相应的冷链物流车辆路径优化模型并设计遗传算法,求解得到分批到货下的车辆配送路径.实验部分对大连市地利生鲜商品配送的算例进行求解,并与不考虑车辆评价的优化模型及未分批到货的优化模型进行对比.实验结果验证了分批到货的配送模式能够有效降低配送成本,考虑车辆评价因素会增加配送成本,同时通过增加车辆评价权重能够有效提升配送车队的绿色与可持续性.

For the vehicle routing problem of cold chain logistics,a vehicle routing optimization model is built under the conditions of multiple refrigerated vehicles,multiple distribution centers and multiple types of goods.With the consideration of economy,green and sustainability,the vehicle routing optimization aims to optimize the total cost of distribution and the evaluation of distribution vehicles.First,a vehicle evaluation index composed of three dimensions,namely social environment,economy and quality,is established and anα-level cut set based fuzzy TOPSIS model is built to evaluate the refrigerated vehicles,through which the vehicle evaluation of split delivery is obtained under a comprehensive consideration.Based on the vehicle evaluation results,the corresponding vehicle route optimization model is established,and the genetic algorithm is designed to solve the optimal vehicle distribution route.The experiments are conducted on the distribution of Dalian Dili fresh food as an example,where the experimental results are compared with that obtained by the optimization model without considering the vehicle evaluation and split delivery.The experimental results demonstrate that the split delivery mode can effectively reduce the distribution cost,and the consideration of vehicle evaluation will increase the distribution cost.Meanwhile,larger vehicle evaluation weight representing that the vehicle evaluation plays a more important role in the vehicle routing,which will obtain a distribution fleet with higher green and sustainability.