自修复电子器件的研究进展

Recent Progress in Self-Healing Electronic Devices

自修复材料具有自我修复损伤的能力,可以使器件在受外力破坏后一定程度上恢复原有结构和功能,因而可以提高电子器件的耐用性和使用寿命。首先介绍了自修复材料的种类和对应的自修复原理,然后重点论述了近年来报道的具有自修复能力的超级电容器、二次电池、太阳能电池以及传感器方面的研究进展,举例说明了自修复电子器件设计策略以及发展现状,分析了相关改性措施对器件性能与自修复能力的影响,并进一步讨论了自修复材料的作用机理与应用前景。最后总结了自修复电子器件当下待解决的问题,并对其未来发展方向进行了展望。

The self-healing materials have the ability to self-repair damage,which can restore the original structure and function to a certain extent after the device damaged by external force,thereby improving the durability and service life of the electronic device.This paper first introduces the types of self-healing materials and the corresponding self-healing principles,and then focuses on the research progress of supercapacitors,secondary batteries,solar cells and sensors with self-healing capabilities reported in recent years,illustrates the self-healing design strategies and the development status of electronic devices,the effects of the modified measures related to device performance and self-healing capabilities,and further discusses the mechanism and application prospect of self-healing materials.Finally,the current problems to be solved in self-repairing electronic devices are summarized,and the future development direction is prospected.