基于“利益平衡”的生态旅游正义及实现路径

Between Nature and Human:Study of Ecotourism Justice and Realizing Route Based on the“Balance of Interests”

将生态旅游归结为旅游类型是当前学界的主流观点,这种观点表面上体现为“价值中立”,实则潜存着将生态旅游的核心价值自我消解和否定的趋势。只有将“生态”作为对象与理念的综合属性,才既能使生态旅游的概念名正言顺,也能更好地回应生态旅游发展中的非正义问题:观念上的人类中心论和生态中心论的冲突面向,实践上的自然生态和人际生态的非正义面向。据此以利益平衡为统筹原则,提出在理念、生态、经济和代际四个方面进行互补或平衡,使生态理念、公平与效率融入生态旅游发展的全过程,以最终实现生态旅游的发展摆脱非正义面向。

Type theory of the concept of ecotourism is the mainstream view in tourism study in the current.This view of“value neutrality”will cause digestion of the core value of ecotourism.The comprehensive attribute of the object and the concept of ecotourism can be perfectly justifiable and also be responded to the unjust problems in the development of ecotourism.They are the conflict of anthropocentrism and ecosystem center doctrine in the theory and the unjust of natural ecology and interpersonal ecology in practice.According to the above cause,this paper presents the complementarity or the balance of concept,ecology,economy and generation,and realizes justice for the development of ecotourism.