四川不同区域川油系列甘蓝型油菜品种主要性状与产量的相关分析

Correlation analysis of main traits and yield of Brassica napus L. of Chuanyou varieties in different regions of Sichuan province

【目的】探讨影响四川省不同区域油菜产量的主要因素,为选育适合四川省不同油菜产区种植甘蓝型油菜品种提供理论依据。【方法】采用变异分析、相关分析和通径分析等方法,分析不同油菜产区甘蓝型油菜产量与主要农艺性状的关系。【结果】变异分析结果表明,新都、德阳和达州等3点变异系数最大的为一次有效分枝数,崇州和绵阳2点变异系数最大的为每果粒数,南充、宜宾、简阳和乐山等4点变异系数最大的为单株有效角果数,新都、崇州、简阳、绵阳和德阳等5点变异系数最小的为株高,南充、宜宾、乐山和达州等4点变异系数最小的为千粒重。相关分析表明,新都点产量与一次有效分枝数和单株有效角果数均呈显著或极显著负相关,与株高和每果粒数呈极显著正相关;南充点产量与株高、一次分枝数和单株有效角果数均呈显著或极显著正相关;宜宾点产量与株高呈极显著正相关;简阳点产量与单株有效角果数和每果粒数呈显著或极显著正相关,与千粒重呈极显著负相关;乐山点产量与单株有效角果数呈显著正相关;绵阳、德阳和达州等3点产量与主要性状的相关性不显著。通径分析结果表明,新都点对产量直接作用最大的为每果粒数,间接作用最大的是单株有效角果数;崇州和宜宾对产量直接和间接作用最大的均为每果粒数;南充和简阳点对产量直接作用最大的均为单株有效角果数,间接作用最大分别为每果粒数和千粒重;绵阳和达州对产量直接作用最大的为分枝数,间接作用最大分别为单株有效角果数和分枝数。德阳点对产量直接和间接作用最大均为单株有效角果数。【结论】四川省不同产区油菜主要农艺性状变异系数存在差异,且与产量相关性存在差异。品种选育时应充分考虑产量构成性状对产量的影响,同时考虑其他性状的综合效应,这些为选育适合四川省不同区域种植甘蓝型油菜品种提供了科学依据。

【Objective】The present paper aimed to analyze the main factors affecting the yield of Brassica napus L.in different regions of Sichuan province, so as to provide theoretical basis for breeding B.napus L.varieties suitable for different rapeseed producing areas in Sichuan province.【Method】Variation analysis, correlation analysis and path analysis were used to analyze the relationship between the agronomic characters and the yield of B.napus L..【Result】In Xindu, Deyang and Dazhou regions, the most variation of agronomic trait was the first branch numbers.The value was the number of seeds per siliquain Chongzhou and Mianyang regions.It was the number of effective siliqua per plant in Nanchong, Yibin, Jianyang, and Leshan regions.The least variation of agronomic traits was the plant hight, in the Xindu, Chongzhou, Jianyang, Mianyang, and Deyang regions.It was 1000-seed weight, in the Nanchong, Yibin, Leshan, and Dazhou regions.The yield of Xindu region was significant or highly significant negative correlated with the first branch numbers and the number of effective siliqua per plant.But, it was significant positive correlated with the plant hight and the number of seeds per siliqua.The yield of Nanchong region was significant or highly significant positive correlated with the plant hight, the first branch numbers, and the number of effective siliqua per plant.The yield of Yibin region was highly significant positive correlated with the plant hight.The yield of Jianyang region was significant or highly significant positive correlated with the number of effective siliqua per plant and the number of seeds per siliqua.But, it was highly significant negative correlated with the 1000-seed weight.The yield of Leshan region was significant positive correlated with the number of effective siliqua per plant.There was no significant correlation between yield and main agronomic traits in Mianyang, Deyang, and Dazhou region.In Xindu region, the greatest direct path coefficient and the greatest comprehensive effects were respectively the number of seeds per siliqua and the the number of effective siliqua per plant.Those were both the number of seeds per siliqua in Chongzhou region.In Nanchong and Jianyang regions, the greatest direct path coefficient and the greatest comprehensive effects were respectively the number of seeds per siliqua and the 1000-seed weight.Those values were respectively the number of effective siliqua per plant and the first branch numbers in both Mianyang and Dazhou regions.In Deyang region, the greatest direct path coefficient and the greatest comprehensive effects were both the number of effective siliqua per plant.【Conclusion】There were differences in the coefficient of variation of main agronomic traits of B.napus L.in different producing areas of Sichuan province, and there were differences in correlation with yield.The effects of yield components on yield should be fully considered in breeding, as well as the comprehensive effects of other traits.The present study provides a scientific basis for breeding B.napus L.varieties suitable for different regions of Sichuan province.