避雨栽培对猕猴桃叶片生理生化指标及果实品质的影响

Effects of rain-shelter cultivation on physiological and biochemical indexes of kiwifruit leaves and fruit quality

【目的】研究避雨栽培对猕猴桃果实叶片生理指标及果实品质的影响。【方法】以露地栽培(CK)为对照,比较连栋钢架拱型棚(MS)和夯链复膜屋脊棚(RS)两种栽培条件下猕猴桃果实发育期百叶重、叶片叶绿素含量及抗氧化酶活性、果实内外品质指标等变化规律。【结果】与CK相比,MS和RS栽培均能显著提高猕猴桃果实发育期内百叶重、果实糖酸比、果实发育前期叶片叶绿素a含量、叶绿素总量,果实发育后期叶片CAT活性、果实Vc含量和单果重,且MS栽培提升作用更突出;与CK相比,MS和RS栽培均能显著降低果实可滴定酸含量,但对果实发育期叶片叶绿素b含量、SOD和POD活性、果形指数等的影响无明显规律,且多数时期与CK间差异不显著。【结论】避雨栽培有利于猕猴桃叶片生长,并提高猕猴桃果实品质,改善风味。

【Objective】The present study focused on the effects of rain-shelter cultivation on kiwifruit leaf physiological indexes and fruit quality.【Method】The leaf weight, leaf chlorophyll content, antioxidant enzyme activity and fruit quality indexes of kiwifruit during development were compared under two cultivation conditions of open-field cultivation(CK) and multi-story steel frame arch shed(MS) and rammed chain compound film roof shed(RS).【Result】Compared with CK,MS and RS cultivation could significantly increase leaf weight, sugar-acid ratio, chlorophyll a content and total chlorophyll content in leaves at early stage of fruit development, leaf CAT activity, fruit Vc content and fruit weight per fruit at late stage of fruit development, and MS cultivation had more significant effect on improving fruit weight.Compared with CK,MS and RS cultivation could significantly reduce the content of titrable acid in fruits, but the effects of MS and RS cultivation on chlorophyll b content, SOD and POD activities, fruit shape index and so on during fruit development had no obvious rules, and there were no significant differences between MS and CK in most periods.【Conclusion】 Rain-shelter cultivation is beneficial to the growth of kiwifruit leaves, and can improve the quality and flavor of kiwifruit.