河蟹对水稻不同生育期根际土壤细菌群落结构的影响

Effect of river crabs on bacterial community structure in rhizosphere soil at different growth stage of rice

【目的】探讨河蟹对水稻不同生育期根际土壤的细菌群落结构的影响。【方法】设置生物有机肥田和河蟹生物有机肥复合种养稻田的水稻大田实验,利用高通量测序技术分别对分蘖期、拔节期、抽穗期和成熟期的稻田土壤进行16S rRNA基因分析,并解析土壤理化因子对细菌群落结构的影响。【结果】河蟹引入生物有机肥田后,水稻的不同生育期根际土壤的pH和速效磷含量均提高,同时促进了分蘖期、拔节期和成熟期的Shannon指数及拔节期和抽穗期Ace和Chao指数的提升。两种稻田的优势菌门相近,均为放线菌门(Actinobacteriota)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和酸杆菌门(Acidobacteriota)。但生物有机田相对丰度最大的菌门是放线菌门,而河蟹田的则为绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)。PCoA分析显示河蟹有机稻田各时期的群落结构与同时期的有机田群落结构差异显著。2种稻田不同生育期根际土壤细菌群落与土壤理化因子RDA分析显示放线菌门首要影响因子是全氮,绿弯菌门首要控制因子则是速效磷。【结论】河蟹引入生物有机肥稻田后土壤细菌的群落结构会随着生育期发生一定变化,而这种变化和土壤理化因子密切相关。

【Objective】The study aimed to investigate the effects of river crabs on bacterial community structure in rhizosphere soil at different growth stages of rice.【Method】The rice field experiment for bio-organic fertilizer field, and crab bio-organic fertilizer compound growing paddy field was set up to analyze the 16 S rRNA gene of paddy soil at tillering stage, jointing stage, heading stage and maturity stage by high-throughput sequencing technology, and the effects of soil physi chemical factors on bacterial community structure were also analyzed.【Result】The pH and available phosphorus content of rhizosphere soil at different growth stages of rice increased and the Shannon index at tillering stage, jointing stage and maturity stage, Ace and Chao index at jointing stage and heading stage were increased after the river crabs were introduced into bioorganic fertilizer paddy field.The dominant bacteria phyla of the two kinds of paddy fields were similar, including Actinobacteriota, Chloroflexi, Proteobacteria and Acidobacteriota.However, Actinobacteriota had the largest relative abundance in biological organic fields, while Chloroflexi was found in river crab fields.PCoA analysis showed that there were significant differences in community structure between the organic paddy field of river crabs and the organic paddy field at the same period.RDA analysis of rhizosphere soil bacterial community and soil physiochemical factors in two kinds of paddy fields at different growth stages showed that the primary influence factor of Actinobacteriota was total nitrogen, while the primary control factor of Chloroflexi was available phosphorus.【Conclusion】The soil bacterial community structure changed with the growth period after the river crabs were introduced into the bioorganic fertilizer field, and this change was closely related to the soil physichemical factors.