室温下形状记忆合金丝拉伸力学性能试验研究

Experimental study on tensile mechanical properties of shape memory alloy wire at room temperature

基于形状记忆合金(Shape Memory Alloy,简称SMA)的优良特性,以及其在结构振动控制、减震隔震中的应用,针对2 mm SMA丝进行了力学性能试验。通过改变2 mm SMA丝的循环次数、加载速率、加载幅值等参数,探究2 mm SMA丝各相变应力、等效阻尼比、单圈循环耗能、残余应变、极限应力应变等力学性能的变化情况。试验表明:循环次数和加载幅值是影响2 mm SMA丝力学性能的主要参数,随着循环次数的增加,2 mm SMA丝的各项力学性能不断降低,最后趋于稳定状态;随着幅值的增加,单圈循环耗能增幅最大,耗能能力不断增强;2 mm SMA丝的极限应力-应变曲线与经典应力-应变曲线的加载段基本吻合。

Based on the excellent characteristics of shape memory alloy(SMA)and its application in structural vibration control and seismic isolation,the mechanical properties of 2 mm SMA wire were tested.In this experiment,by changing the parameters such as the number of cycles,loading rate,loading amplitude and other parameters of 2 mm SMA wire,the changes of mechanical properties of each phase change stress,equivalent damping ratio,single-cycle cyclic energy dissipation,residual strain,ultimate stress and strain and other mechanical properties of 2 mm SMA wire were investigated.The experimental results show that:the number of cycles and loading amplitude are the main parameters affecting the mechanical properties of 2 mm SMA wire,and with the increase of cycle times,the mechanical properties of 2 mm SMA wire decrease continuously towards a final stable state;with the increase of amplitude,the energy consumption per cycle increases the most and the energy consumption capacity increases continuously;the ultimate stress-strain curve of 2 mm SMA wire is basically consistent with the loading section of the classic stress-strain curve.