静压桩贯入特性室内模型试验研究进展

Research progress in laboratory model test of penetration characteristics of jacked pile

在静压桩的室内模型试验研究中,获得静压桩贯入机理有利于深入分析静压桩沉桩过程中贯入特性。目前静压桩室内模型试验主要分为两类:常重力场室内模型试验和离心模型试验。对静压沉桩贯入机理室内模型试验研究中的相似原理、常重力场及离心模型试验的研究成果和存在的问题、传感测试技术在室内模型试验中的应用进行介绍性总结和分析,并对其未来的发展方向进行展望。分析表明:室内试验相似率问题可通过采用新型材料等方法逐步推进;满足常重力场室内模型试验中的全部相似比、离心试验与材料试验、数值计算、反馈分析向结构设计的结合以及提高传感测试技术在模型试验中的测试准确度将成为未来室内模型试验研究静压沉桩贯入机理的热点;获得新的传感器安装方法与可靠的数据修正方法,可以更好地控制传感器的安装对试验准确性的影响。

In the laboratory model test research of jacked piles,obtaining the penetration mechanism of jacked piles is helpful for further analysis of the penetration characteristics of jacked piles.At present,the laboratory model test of jacked pile can be divided into two types:the laboratory model test under constant gravity field and the centrifugal model test.In this paper,the similarity principle of jacked pile penetration mechanism of laboratory model test study,research results and problems of constant gravity field and centrifugal model tests,the application of the sensor measurement technology in laboratory model test are summarized and analyzed,and the future development direction is prospected.The analysis shows that:the problem of similarity rate in laboratory tests can be gradually advanced through the use of new materials and other methods;to meet all the similarity ratios in laboratory model tests under constant gravity fields,combining centrifugal tests with material tests,numerical calculations,feedback analysis with structural design,and improving the accuracy of sensor testing technology in model tests will become research hotspots to study the penetration mechanism of jacked piles by laboratory model test in the future.The new sensor installation method and reliable data correction method can better control the influence of sensor installation on test accuracy.