论“为文造情”的历史合理性——兼论“拟代”诗风与“苦吟”精神的文学史意义

On the Historical Rationality of “Creating Emotions for Literature”——Also on the Literary Historical Significance of the “Simulation” Poetry Style and the “Kuyin” Spirit

刘勰在《文心雕龙》中提出了"为情造文"这一范畴。与"为情造文"相比,"为文造情"的影响是负面的。然而,从文学发展历程看,"为文造情"能长期存在,一定有其合理性。魏晋六朝的拟代现象与中晚唐以后盛行的"苦吟"风尚,都与"为文造情"有密切关系。"为文造情"可以使作家不受"以讽其上"政治教化目的约束,自觉追求文学的形式美,从而拓展文学语言的表现力,使文学逐渐摆脱经学的藩篱,朝着纯文学的方向发展。

LIU Xie puts forward the category of “creating emotions for literature”in Wenxin Diaolong.Compared with“making essays for emotions”,the influence of“creating emotions for literature”is negative.However,from the perspective of literary development,“creating emotions for literature”can exist for a long time,and it has its rationality.The“simulation”phenomenon in the Wei,Jin and Six Dynasties and the prevailing fashion of“kuyin”in the middle and late Tang and later are closely related to “making emotions for literature”.It can free writers from being restricted by the political enlightenment purpose of “satire advice”and consciously pursue the beauty of literature,thereby promoting writers to expand the expressive power of literary language,so that literature gradually gets rid of the barriers of classics and develops towards pure literature.