社会经济地位对农户有机肥替代化肥行为的影响

Effects of Farmers’Social and Economic Status on the Substitution Behavior of Organic Fertilizer for Chemical Fertilizer

推动黄河中上游流域农户层面的有机肥替代化肥行为是实现生态保育的有效微观路径。基于农户调研数据,以多年生经济作物为例,采用逐步回归法和Sobel中介效应检验法,考察社会经济地位对农户有机肥替代化肥行为的影响机理及信息渠道的中介机制。研究发现:(1)社会经济地位是促进农户有机肥替代化肥行为的关键因素,其中收入水平、经营规模及社会参与显著促进农户有机肥替代化肥行为,而干部身份和村庄大姓不显著。(2)社会经济地位高的农户更便于通过政府部门或农资店获取更为保真的异质性信息,从而使得信息渠道在社会经济地位影响农户有机肥替代化肥行为中发挥显著的中介作用。(3)不同区域信息渠道的中介效应存在显著差异,黄河中游地区信息渠道的中介作用更显著;处于不同家庭生命周期农户的社会经济地位对有机肥替代化肥行为的影响也存在较大差异。由此农业技术推广应重视农户社会经济地位的差异,注重政府部门或农资店信息渠道的功能建设,以期全面提升农户层面有机肥替代化肥施用水平。

To promote the substitution behavior of organic fertilizer for chemical fertilizer at the farmer level in the Yellow River Basin is an effective micro-path to realize ecological conservation.Based on farmers’survey data in the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River Basin,this study used the step-by-step regression method and Sobel mediating effect test method to investigate the influence mechanism of socioeconomic status on farmers’substitution behavior of organic fertilizer for chemical fertilizer and the mediating mechanism of channel of information.The results showed that:socioeconomic status was the key factor to promote farmers’substitution behavior of organic fertilizer for chemical fertilizer.The income level,business scale and social participation significantly affected farmers’substitution behavior,while the cadre identity and the most popular in village were not.Farmers with higher socioeconomic status are more likely to contact the government departments or agricultural stores in the information channels,thus playing a significant intermediary role in the process of influencing the substitution of organic fertilizer for chemical fertilizer.The mediating effect of information channel in various regions is significantly different,and the mediating effect of information channel in the middle reaches of the Yellow River is more significant.In addition,the socioeconomic status of farmers in different family life cycles also has a great difference in the impact of substitution behavior of organic fertilizer for chemical fertilizer.Therefore,attention should be paid in agricultural technology promotion to the difference of farmers’social and economic status and to the function construction of government departments or agricultural material stores’information channels,thus to improve comprehensively the level of replacing chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer at the farmer level.