臭氧熏蒸对玉米胚中真菌毒素的降解消除作用

Effect of Ozone Fumigation on the Removal of Mycotoxins in Corn Germ

为探究臭氧熏蒸对玉米胚中真菌毒素消除效果,固定臭氧质量浓度为150 mg/L,以蒸馏水调节玉米胚水分至不同质量分数(5%、10%、15%、20%、25%、30%),并熏蒸不同时间(20、30、40、50、60、80 min),分析熏蒸处理后玉米胚中真菌毒素含量以及玉米胚和玉米油品质的变化。结果表明:玉米胚水分质量分数为25%、熏蒸时间为80 min时,对黄曲霉毒素B_(1)(aflatoxin B_(1),AFB_(1))有最优消除效果,消除率为72.27%;玉米胚水分质量分数为10%、熏蒸时间为50 min时,玉米赤霉烯酮(zearalenone,ZEN)消除率达68.88%;玉米胚水分质量分数为15%、熏蒸时间为60 min时,呕吐毒素(deoxynivalenol,DON)消除率可达82.86%。3种真菌毒素的消除率与处理时间呈正相关,熏蒸时间达60 min时,3种真菌毒素均可获得较好的消除效果。综合考虑对3种真菌毒素的消除效果,采用玉米胚水分质量分数15%、熏蒸时间60 min的优化条件,AFB_(1)、ZEN、DON的消除率分别达到66.61%、69.44%、90.96%。随玉米胚水分质量分数增加和臭氧熏蒸时间延长,玉米胚毛油的色泽变浅,酸价和过氧化值升高,但总体升幅不大。本实验可为从源头上解决玉米油和玉米粕中真菌毒素问题提供研究思路。

In order to explore the effect of ozone fumigation on the removal of mycotoxins in corn germ,corn germ was adjusted to different moisture contents of 5%,10%,15%,20%,25%and 30%and fumigated with 150 mg/L ozone for different durations of 20,30,40,50,60 and 80 min.Then,changes in the mycotoxin content and quality of corn germ and the quality of corn germ oil were examined.The results showed that the highest relative decrease in aflatoxin B_(1)(AFB_(1))of 72.27%was obtained with 25%moisture content and 80 min fumigation.With 10%moisture content and 50 min fumigation,zearalenone(ZEN)was reduced by 68.88%;with 15%moisture content and 60 min fumigation,deoxynivalenol(DON)was reduced by 82.86%.The removal rates of the three mycotoxins were positively correlated with treatment time up to 60 min.Under the optimized conditions of 15%and 60 min for moisture content of corn germ and fumigation time,respectively,the removal rates of AFB_(1),ZEN and DON were 66.61%,69.44%and 90.96%,respectively.The color of crude corn oil became lighter with increasing moisture content and fumigation time,and the acid value and peroxide value slightly increased overall.The results of this study can provide research ideas for solving the problem of mycotoxin residues in corn oil and corn germ from the source.