不同水肥处理对冀西北高原日光温室架豆产量及品质的影响

Effects of Different Water and Fertilizer Treatments on Yield and Quality of Pole Bean in Solar Greenhouse in Northwest Plateau of Hebei Province

以"绿剑"架豆为研究对象,进行水分与肥力双因素完全随机试验,设置2个灌溉水平和4个施肥水平,并以当地灌溉施肥习惯设置为对照,共计9个处理,探究不同水肥处理对冀西北高原日光温室架豆产量及品质的影响。结果表明,当灌溉水平相同时,架豆产量随肥力的增加,先升高后降低,W1F3产量达到最高,与当地灌溉施肥习惯(CK)相比,产量提高3.42%,优质率提高2.16%,水分利用效率提高40.00%,同时节水44.05%,节肥37.00%;架豆果实的粗蛋白和V_(c)含量随肥力的增加先升高后降低,随水分的增加而降低,灌溉和施肥水平两因子及它们的交互作用对架豆果实的粗纤维含量的影响均不显著。在研究区域内,建议架豆生产中使用如下水肥制度:苗期灌水1次,灌水定额150 m^(3)/hm^(2),不施肥;抽蔓期灌水施肥1次,灌水定额180 m^(3)/hm^(2),施用复合肥180 kg/hm^(2);初花期进行蹲苗;结荚期灌水9次,灌水定额180 m^(3)/hm^(2),灌水周期6 d,随水施肥3次,每次施用高钾复合肥180 kg/hm^(2)及硝酸钙75 kg/hm^(2)。

Taking the“Green Sword”pole bean as research object,a completely random experiment was carried out on double factors of water and fertilizer,setting 2 irrigation levels and 4 fertilizer levels,and taking local irrigation and fertilization habits as the control,a total of 9 treatments were conducted to study effects of water and fertilizer on yield and quality of pole bean in solar greenhouse in northwest plateau of Hebei Province.Results showed that when irrigation level was the same,the yield of leguminous bean first increased and then decreased with increasing of fertilizer amount,and the yield of W1 F3 reached the highest.Compared with local irrigation and fertilization(CK),the yield increased by 3.42%and the rate of good quality increased by 2.16%,water use efficiency(WUE)was increased by 40.00%,while water and fertilizer were saved by 44.05%and 37.00%respectively.Effects of irrigation and fertilization level and their interaction on crude fiber content of the fruit was not significant.Considering effects of water and fertilizer on yield and quality,the following water and fertilizer system was recommended in the study area:irrigation once at seedling stage,with irrigation quota of 150 m^(3)/hm^(2) and no fertilization;irrigation once at pumping vine stage,with irrigation quota of 180 m^(3)/hm^(2) and the compound fertilizer of 180 kg/hm^(2),seedling crouching at early flowering stage;nine irrigation at pod setting stage,with irrigation quota of 180 m^(3)/hm^(2) and irrigation cycle of 6 days,fertilization with watering three times,with high potassium compound fertilizer of 180 kg/hm^(2) and calcium nitrate of 75 kg/hm^(2) applied each time.