吴闽语关系问题的回顾与前瞻

A Review and Prospect of Relationships between Wu and Min Dialects

吴闽语关系问题是汉语方言史、语言史的重要一环。自吴闽语关系问题提出以来,研究视角经历了三次转向:从特征相似到共同创新,从语言特征到层次分析,从层次对应到方音史。目前该问题研究取得了一些共识,但也存在重要分歧:六朝吴地语言状况及闽语形成过程的认识。吴闽语关系亟待解决的两个重要问题:吴闽语接触与演变关系的鉴别,吴闽语与汉语方言史关系的厘清。

The relationship between Wu and Min dialects is an important issue of Chinese dialects and the history of Chinese language.Since the issue was raised,it has experienced three changes of the research perspectives:from similar features to same innovations;from language features to correspondence of history;from correspondence of history to the evolution of history of Chinese dialects.At present,we have reached some agreements on relationship between Wu and Min dialects,but neither the situation of language during the Six Dynasties in Wu nor the historical process of formation of Min dialects has reached the theoretical consensus.Based on the disagreements,it is pointed out that there are two significant issues:one is to distinguish language contact and language evolution,another one is to find out the relationship between history of Chinese dialects and the formation of Wu and Min dialects.