论地域特征、地方经验与文学书写中的地方感——以愚园路为样本

On Regional Characteristics, Local Experience and Sense of Place in Literary Writing: Take Yuyuan Road as a Sample

《长恨歌》《繁花》《封锁》等与愚园路相关的小说屡获茅盾文学奖和鲁迅文学奖,使这条马路成为一个独特的文学场域。愚园路具有"近乎郊野、越界筑路、沪西歹土、新里文化、街区商业"等丰富的地域特征,这些地域特征通过作家的地方经验,化为作品中的"地方感",由"感知"而"态度",最后变成"价值观"和"世界观"。本文采样分析了林语堂、张爱玲、王安忆、金宇澄、小白等作家的相关文本,试图阐明文学作品具有内在的地理学属性,它们往往成为地域意识的表达。文学作品不只是简单地对客观地理进行深情描写,同时也展示了情绪景观、阅历景观和知识景观,提供了认识不同地域的方法。熟悉于此的地方依恋和沉浸于此的历史认同所培养的"地方感"对作家书写有着潜移默化的影响,地域特征也有赖文学书写的隐喻空间得以非遗性保存,并构成值得回味的互文关系。我们不仅可以就此感受到社会空间如何通过地方意识投射到作家文本中,而且可以发现这些历时性的文学书写又如何回过来形塑了丰富的地域特征。

Novels related to Yuyuan Road, such as The Song of Everlasting Sorrow(Chang hen ge), Flourishing Flowers(Fan hua), and The Block(Feng Suo), which were awarded the Mao Dun Literary Prize or Lu Xun Literary Prize, make this road a unique literary field. Yuyuan Road is famous for its regional characteristics, such like “near the countryside, building roads cross the border, the outlawed land in western Shanghai, the culture of new lanes and alleys, and the commerce of the neighborhood, ” which are transformed into a “sense of place” in the novels through the writers’ local experiences, from “perception” to “attitude” and finally to “values” and “worldview.” This paper samples and analyzes texts by writers like Lin Yutang, Eileen Chang, Xiao Bai, Wang Anyi, and Jin Yucheng, trying to show that literary works have inherent geographical properties, and they often become expressions of regional consciousness. Literary works do not simply provide an affectionate depiction of objective geography, but also display emotional landscapes, landscapes of experience, and landscapes of knowledge, providing ways to recognize different regions. The sense of place fostered by the familiarity of local attachment and immersion in local identity has a subtle influence on writers’ writing, and the metaphorical space of regional identity relies on literary writing to be preserved in a non-retrospective manner and to constitute a memorable intertextual relationship. In this way, we can not only feel how social space is projected into writers’ texts through a sense of place, but also discover how these ephemeral literary writings come back to shape the richness of regional identity.