丽水地区儿童轮状病毒感染特点与临床特征分析

目的分析丽水地区儿童轮状病毒感染的年龄分布特征和季节性感染的特点,为本地区儿童轮状病毒感染性腹泻的防治提供依据.方法收集2019年1月至2020年12月本院检测粪便轮状病毒抗原的3,492例儿童的临床资料,分析不同性别、年龄、季节中感染轮状病毒(RV)的情况.根据感染情况将患儿分为RV感染组与非RV感染组,并分析RV感染患儿的临床特征.结果3,492例儿童中,RV感染者447例,总阳性率12.80%.2019年RV感染阳性率为15.53%,2020年为8.18%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);不同性别间感染阳性率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);2019年与2020年RV感染阳性率均为>1~2岁组最高,>2~3岁组和>0.5~1岁组次之,两年中不同年龄组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);2019年2月与2020年1月RV感染阳性率最高,相比同年其他月份,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);RV感染组发热、呕吐、脱水及呼吸道症状的发生率高于非RV感染组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论近两年丽水地区轮状病毒感染表现出冬季高发.>0.5~3岁儿童为易感人群,在冬季、秋冬交替和冬春交替时需做好防护措施.胃肠道症状仍然是轮状病毒感染的主要症状,但不能忽视出现肠外疾病儿童的轮状病毒检测工作.严重脱水病例虽不多,但仍要及时发现并干预轮状病毒性肠炎的进展.

Objective To analyze the age distribution characteristics and seasonal characteristics of children's rotavinis in faction,and to provide the basis for the prevention and treatment of rotavirus infectious diarrhea in children in Lishui.Methods Collect the clinical data of 3492 children who tested fecal rotavinis antigen in our hospital from January 2019 to December 2020,and analyze the situation of rotavirus(RV)infection in different genders,ages,and seasons.According to the infection,the children were divided into RV infection group and non-RV infection group,and the clinical characteristics of RV infection children were analyzed.Results Among the 3492 children,447(12.80%)were infected with RV.The positive rate of RV infection in 2019 was 15.53%,and in 2020 it was 8.18%(P<0.01).There was no statistically significant difference in the positive rate of infection between different genders(P>0.05).In 2019 and 2020,the positive rate of RV infection was the highest in the>1~2-year-old group,followed by the>2~3-year-old group and the>0.5~1 year old group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01).Compared with other months of the same year,the positive rate of RV infection was highest in February 2019 and January 2020(P<0.01).The incidence of fever,vomiting,dehydration and respiratory symptoms in the RV infection group was higher than that in the non-RV infection group(P<0.01).Conclusion In the past two years,rota virus infections in Lishui shows a high incidence in winter.Children>0.5 to 3 years old are susceptible,and protective measures should be taken during winter,autumn-winter alternation,and winter-spring alternation.Gastrointesrinal symptoms are still the main symptoms of rotavirus infection,but rotavirus testing for children with extraintesrinal diseases cannot be ignored.Although there are not many cases of severe dehydration,it is still necessary to detect and intervene in the progress of rotavirus enteritis in time.Although there are not many cases of severe dehydration,it is still necessary to detect and intervene in the progress of rotavirus enteritis in time.