microRNAs在糖尿病视网膜病变中作用的研究进展

Research progress on the role of microRNAs in diabetic retinopathy

microRNAs(miRNAs)是一种具有调节基因表达功能的非编码小RNA分子,可以在包括血清或血浆在内的许多生物液中由细胞和组织释放。大量研究已经证实不同的miRNAs在糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)中的表达可特异性增高或减少,最近越来越多的证据表明血清和血浆中某些miRNAs在DR中存在特异性表达并参与DR的发生发展,并且能够成为诊断DR以及监测DR进展的生物标志物。此外,调节这些miRNAs水平可能能够延缓DR进展,以便对DR患者进行早期干预,miRNAs有望成为DR的新型治疗靶点。本文主要就近年miRNAs诊断DR、监测DR的进展及作为可能的新型治疗靶点进行综述。

The microRNAs(miRNAs)is a non-coding small RNA molecule with the function of regulating gene expression,which can be released by cells and tissues in various biological fluids,including serum or plasma.A large number of studies have confirmed that the expression of different miRNAs in diabetic retinopathy(DR)can be specifically increased or decreased.Recently,more and more evidence shows that some miRNAs in serum and plasma are specifically expressed in DR and participate in the occurrence and development of DR,and can become biomarkers for the diagnosis of DR and monitoring of DR progress.In addition,the regulation of these miRNAs levels may delay the progression of DR for early intervention in patients with DR.miRNAs is expected to become a new therapeutic target for DR.This paper mainly reviews the progress of miRNAs in the diagnosis and monitoring of DR and possible new therapeutic targets in recent years.