负面清单不符措施所涉义务的分布规律——国际经验与中国借鉴

The Distribution Characteristics of the Obligations Concerned in Negative List——The Global Experiences and Implications to China

《区域全面经济伙伴关系协定》(RCEP)是中国参与的第一个采用负面清单模式的国际经贸协定。与中国当前负面清单管理制度不同,国际经贸协定中的负面清单需要明示各项不符措施与协议规定的哪些义务相违背。厘清不符措施所涉义务的分布特征及其背后的规律,对中国完善外资管理负面清单制度,以及后续在国际经贸协定中进一步推广负面清单模式具有重要的意义。本文以美国及其自由贸易协议伙伴共19个国家的负面清单为样本,从国别和行业两个维度分析了不符措施所涉义务的分布特征和规律,考察了中国在RCEP中负面清单不符措施所涉义务的分布情况。

The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership( RCEP) is the first negative-list model international economic and trade agreement that China has participated in. Different from Chinese current negative list management system,the negative list in international economic and trade agreements must indicate which non-conforming measures violate the obligations corresponded in the agreement clearly. It is significant for China to clarify the distribution characteristics and laws of the obligations involved in nonconforming measures,so as to improve the Chinese negative list institution of foreign investment management and further popularize the negative list model in the subsequent international economic and trade agreements. Consider the above background,this paper used 19 negative lists of the United States and its FTA partners as a sample to analyze the distribution characteristics of the obligations concerned by the non-conforming measures in country dimension and industry dimension. Moreover,the distribution of China’s obligations in the RCEP’s negative list non-conforming measures was examined specifically.