基于国际权威科学奖励的科学发现规律研究述评

Review of Research on the Regularities of Scientific Discovery Based on International Authoritative Scientific Awards

科学奖励是有关科学共同体对特定科学发现成果的共识性学术认可评价,是反映科学发展重要突破、进展脉络和趋势的一扇窗口。为了厘清科学奖励相关研究的阶段特点、内容与规律、问题与趋向,本文综合利用定性和定量分析方法,从科学奖励的有关概念与理论基础出发,聚焦于科学奖励获得者(科学发现生产者)与获奖成果(科学发现本身)两大研究主题对象,由点至面,详细梳理相关研究的主要内容、特点与差异,尝试总结基于国际权威科学奖励的科学发现规律研究存在的不足与问题、未来研究的可能视角与趋向。

Scientific awards are the consensus-based academic evaluation of specific scientific discoveries made by the rel-evant scientific community,which can reflect the trends in scientific breakthroughs and development.To clarify the charac-teristics,contents and regularities,as well as questions and trends of scientific awards-related research,we comprehensive-ly use qualitative and quantitative analysis methods.First,starting from the relevant concepts and theoretical foundations of scientific awards,we focus on scientific award recipients(scientific discovery producers)and award-winning contribu-tions(scientific discovery)in these two research subjects.Second,we classify the main research contents,characteristics,and differences of relevant research in China and abroad in detail.Finally,we try to summarize the shortcomings of exist-ing research,and potential perspectives and trends of future research on the regularities of scientific discovery based on in-ternational authoritative scientific awards.