东风系列内燃机车柴油机喷油器故障分析和处理

Failure Analysis and Treatment of Diesel Engine Fuel Injector of Dongfeng Series Diesel Locomotives

本文介绍了东风系列内燃机车柴油机用喷油器的基本结构、工作原理和常见故障形式,针对机车实际应用过程中出现的喷孔变大进行故障项点梳理,通过油品检测、宏观观测、硬度检测、微观形貌等方法,逐步排除所列故障项点,最终分析出可能是穴蚀导致喷孔变大,建议供应商严控喷孔入口圆角半径和喷孔内表面加工精度以削弱穴蚀影响。

This paper introduces the basic structure,working principle and common fault forms of Dongfeng series diesel locomotive diesel fuel injectors,and sorts out fault points for the enlarged nozzle holes in the actual application process of locomotives.,hardness testing,micro-morphology and other methods,gradually eliminate the listed fault points,and finally analyze that it may be cavitation that may lead to the enlargement of the nozzle hole.It is recommended that the supplier strictly control the fillet radius of the nozzle hole entrance and the machining accuracy of the nozzle hole inner surface to ensure that the nozzle hole becomes larger.Reduces cavitation effects.