三峡水库汛期运行水位运用方式研究

Study on operating water level during flood season of Three Gorges Reservoir

三峡水库汛期运行水位动态控制运用是提升水库综合效益的有效途径,但汛期运行水位运用方式应科学协调防洪与兴利的关系。在概括性分析三峡水库水沙特性的基础上,结合汛期防洪与汛末蓄水的要求,重点剖析了通过汛期预报预泄和汛末预报预蓄开展三峡水库运行水位上浮运用的研究方法与研究思路,选择典型洪水研究了不同方式下三峡水库运行水位可上浮运用的空间,分析了存在的主要风险并提出了应对措施。结果表明:三峡水库8月下旬前运行水位通过预报预泄的方式浮动至148.00 m,之后至9月上旬采用预报预蓄的方式逐步抬升至155.00 m的风险是可控的。研究成果已指导了三峡水库不同阶段调度运行文件的编制和调度运行实践,提升了三峡水库的综合利用效益。

The dynamic control on operating water level during flood season is an effective way to promote the comprehensive benefit for the Three Gorges Reservoir.The key of dynamic control on operating water level during flood season is reasonable coordination between flood control and benefit utilization.Based on the general analysis of the incoming water-sediment characteristics,this paper systematically reviewed the research guidelines,which combined with the requirements of flood control and water impoundment.The emphasis was focused on the research methods of water level utilization by forecasting and pre-discharge in the flood season as well as forecasting and pre-storage at the end of flood season.The typical floods were selected to investigate the operation space under different regulation modes.The main risks were analyzed and the countermeasures were put forward.The results showed that the operating water level to 148.00 m before late Augest through forecasting and pre-discharge,then rising to 155.00 m through forecasting and pre-storage by early September was practicable,whose risks were also controllable.Overall,the research findings provided technical support for the guidance documents compilation and operation practice at different stages and promoted the comprehensive utilization benefit of the Three Gorges Reservoir.