湖南部分地区群众对新型冠状病毒认知和态度及行为的调查分析

Investigation and analysis of people's cognition,attitude and behavior towards Corona Virus Disease 2019 in Hunan Province

目的调查湖南省部分地区普通民众对新型冠状病毒的认知度,应对疫情的态度及相关预防措施。方法采用方便抽样方法于2020年3月1—30日通过微信扫码的方式随机调查湖南不同地区群众486名作为研究对象,进行新型冠状病毒防疫相关知识的获取、疫情期间心理感受、个人采取的预防措施及对今后疫情发展的判断等方面的问卷调查。结果所有答卷者对新型冠状病毒防疫知识有所了解,65.43%对疫情的尽快控制有信心,且能进行一定程度的预防措施,72.94%对新型冠状病毒部分认知不准确,对疫情感到焦虑,6.47%对预防措施忽视。农村和城市地区群众疫情获取途径比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);农村和城市地区群众生病后去医院的态度比较差异无统计学意义。结论疫情期间应通过广电媒体、新媒体及政府主持的宣传相结合的方式加强疫情防控知识的传播与普及,通过心理干预缓解部分群众焦虑紧张情绪,对于少数预防措施执行不到位的群众,可通过加强教育等措施避免疫情的扩散。

Objective To investigate the public cognition of the New Corona Virus Disease(COVID-19),their attitudes,behavior and feelings towards the epidemic and relevant preventive measures taken among the general public in some areas of Hunan Province.Methods 486 people in Hunan were randomly sampled by wechat from March 1-30,2020 were selected as study subjects,and questionnaires were conducted on the acquisition of knowledge related to the epidemic prevention of COVID-19,psychological feelings during the epidemic,preventive measures taken by individuals and the judgment of the development of the epidemic in the future.Results All people already have pretty amount of knowledge concerning the COVID-19 epidemic prevention.65.43%have confidence in the control of the epidemic situation soon,and can take some correct preventive measures,but there are still some problems such as inaccurate cognition of COVID-19,anxiety even panic about the epidemic situation,and neglect of preventive measures.There was a statistically significant difference in access to virus prevention knowledge among rural and urban populations(P<0.05),and there was no statistical difference in the attitude of going to the hospital when they were sick.Conclusion During the epidemic period,traditional TV and broadcasting,New Media and government-sponsored agency should be combined to strengthen the dissemination and popularization of correct COVID-19 information and prevention methods;Psychological intervention should be used to relieve the anxiety and tension of some people.For the few who do not obey the rules for COVID-19 prevention,education should be strengthened to prevent the spread of the disease.