建设“滨海草带”的科技缘由、内容与对策

Scientific and Technological Reasons, Contents and Corresponding Policies of Constructing “Coastal Grass Belt”

我国既要确保口粮绝对安全,也要确保饲料粮安全。然而,我国耕地资源有限,决定了饲草饲料种植不能"与主粮争地"。利用盐碱荒地种植优质耐盐牧草,发展畜牧业生产,不仅可以满足动物蛋白在我国居民膳食结构中的比例不断增加的需求,更重要的是可以解决饲草种植面积不足、大量依赖进口的问题,对保障国家粮食安全具有重要作用。这就需要利用现代生物种业科技加快耐盐耐涝牧草品种选育,构建配套的滨海盐碱地饲草高产栽培技术体系,并研发优质牧草与农作物秸秆混合加工贮藏技术,实现生物质资源利用的最大化。"滨海草带"的建设,将有助于在滨海地区构建起一道生态屏障,对维护滨海生态系统健康、提升生态系统服务功能具有重要作用。

Not only the grain rations must be secured absolutely in China, but also the feed grains. However, the limited arable land resource in China determines that grass planting shall not “compete for land with staple food”. Planting high quality salt-tolerant forage grass on the saline wasteland and developing animal husbandry production can not only meet the demand of increasing proportion of animal protein in Chinese diet structure, but more importantly, it can help to solve the problems of insufficient forage planting and import over-dependence. Hence it plays an important role in guaranteeing national food security. Therefore, it is necessary to use modern biological seed industry technology to accelerate the selection and breeding of salt-tolerant and water-resistant grass varieties, build the supporting system of coastal salt-alkali grass high-yield cultivation technology, and develop high-quality forage and crop straw mixed processing and storage technology to achieve the maximum utilization of biomass resources. The construction of “Coastal Grass Belt” will help to build an ecological barrier in the coastal area,and play an important role in keeping the coastal ecosystem healthy and improving the ecosystem service function.