现代汉语中话题与焦点的句法研究

On the Syntax of Topic and Focus in Chinese

主要研究现代汉语中的话题与焦点的基础生成,从生成语法视角对现代汉语中的话题与焦点进行解释。通过句法操作手段证明悬垂话题与左置话题、关系话题之间的层级关系,同时对现代汉语中的焦点句进行调查研究,看其是否只允许发生在原来的位置还是发生在动词前。现代汉语中有两种类型的话题句:一种是基础生成的,另一种是通过移位得来的,通过研究它们在句法结构中的表现,得出结论:汉语是一种话题优先的语言,而且它可以出现多个话题,尤其是基础生成而没有空成分或复述代词成分的话题句。

The aim of this paper is to study the basic generation of Topic and Focus,and make a clear expla‐nation for the Chinese Topic and Focus under the framework of Generative Grammar.The paper is to prove the hi‐erarchy relationship among Hanging Topic(HT),Left Periphery Topic(LP),and Relative Topic.The paper also in‐vestigates whether Chinese allows focalization strategies in the LP,or whether it only allows in situ and/or prever‐bal Focus.Chinese has been claimed to be a Topic-Prominent language.The paper aims at discovering how this claim translates in a theory of the fine structure of the LP.More specifically,Chinese has been claimed to have two types of Topics:base-generated ones and moved ones.The paper mainly shows how they are presented in the study of syntax and makes a conclusion that Chinese is a kind of Topic-First language.It also can have sever‐al Topics,especially base-generated or copulative Topic.