振动刺激消除运动性肌肉疲劳的研究进展及生理机制

Research Progress and Physiological Mechanism of Vibration Stimulation to Eliminate Exercise-induced Muscle Fatigue

振动刺激是一种利用机械振动装置引发肌肉组织产生往复性周期运动的物理方法,可以通过激活肌肉本体感受器,经过单突触和多突触的神经反馈调节,反射性地引起被刺激肌肉产生非随意性收缩。研究发现,运动性肌肉疲劳后,采用25~50Hz的振动刺激可以加快神经冲动发放频率,增强发放的同步性,增加运动单位募集数量,改善肌肉微循环,促进代谢产物乳酸消除速度等,从而在一定程度上能够有效缓解个体主观疲劳感受,增加肌肉力量和肌肉耐力。文章将重点围绕振动刺激消除运动性肌肉疲劳的作用及其生理学机制等问题,介绍目前研究的进展及其存在的问题,展望未来研究。

Vibration stimulation is a physical intervention method that uses a mechanical vibration device to induce reciprocating cyclic movement of muscle tissue.It can activate muscle proprioceptors and adjust neurofeedback through single synapses and multiple synapses to reflexively cause the stimulated muscles to produce an involuntary contraction.Studies have found that after muscle fatigue,using 25-50Hz vibration stimulation can speed up the frequency of nerve impulse firing,enhance the synchronization of firing,increase the number of motor units recruited,improve muscle microcirculation,and promote the elimination of metabolite lactic acid,etc.Therefore,it can effectively alleviate individual subjective fatigue and increase muscle strength and muscular endurance to a certain extent.This paper focuses on the effect of vibration stimulation on muscle fatigue elimination and its physiological mechanism,introduces the current research progress and existing problems,and looks forward to future research.