乙炔选择性加氢催化剂的结构及性能调控

Modification of the Structure and Catalytic Performance of Selective Acetylene Hydrogenation Catalyst

催化加氢可以有效去除乙烯原料气中微量的乙炔。通过综述近年来国内外以Pd基催化剂为主的关于调控乙炔选择性加氢催化剂结构及反应性能方面的相关研究和进展,探讨了活性组分粒径、形貌对催化剂吸/脱附乙烯性能的影响;评述了添加助剂形成的合金或者金属间化合物,利用其几何效应提高活性中心分散度,利用电子效应优化电子性质使反应关键步骤的吸脱附行为发生改变;阐述了通过调控载体对金属原子锚定,使金属的分散度提高进而获得优异的催化性能;叙述了不同制备方法对催化剂结构及催化性能的影响。指出提高催化剂性能是当今研究的重中之重,未来负载型催化剂的研究方向依旧是构建高乙烯选择性和良好稳定性的高分散乃至单原子催化剂。

Catalytic hydrogenation can effectively remove trace acetylene within ethylene feed gas,herein the recent research progress on Pd-based catalysts made via structure modification and catalytic performance in selective acetylene hydrogenation reaction are comprehensively reviewed.Based on the literature reviews,the influence of particle size and morphology of active components on the adsorption performance of the catalysts were discussed.Besides,alloys and inter-metallic compounds formed by doping additives are considered to induce geometric effect that improves the dispersion of the active centers.While electronic effect optimizes the electron properties of the catalysts,hence changing the adsorption behavior of the key steps of the reaction.Moreover,the control of the anchoring of the carrier to the metal atoms improves the dispersion of the metal,as a result obtaining excellent catalytic performance.The effects of different preparation methods on the structure and catalytic performance of the catalysts are also described.Improving the performance of catalysts is still the highest priority task for this research topic.In future,to achieve high ethylene selectivity and good stability,the key to supported catalysts is still constructing high dispersion or even in the form of single-atom catalysts.