蚯蚓粪与根际促生菌配施对城市土壤肥力的影响

Effects of the vermicompost combined with rhizosphere growth promoting bacteria on soil fertility in urban area

为探讨蚯蚓粪与根际促生菌配施对土壤生物活性与物理性质的影响,本课题组在上海市松江区辰山植物园木樨园内布置原位修复实验,设置了单独施用根际促生菌(AS)、单独施用蚯蚓粪(AW)、根际促生菌配施蚯蚓粪(SW)、不施用根际促生菌与蚯蚓粪(CK)4个处理组,分析了不同处理下10~25 cm表层土中土壤生物酶活性和土壤微生物的动态变化过程,以及对土壤pH值与可溶性盐浓度(EC)值等物理化学性质的影响.实验结果表明:1)与CK相比,其余3种处理均能显著提高土壤相应肥力指标,其中SW组对土壤细菌与真菌数量,土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶、酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶、中性磷酸酶活性的提升最为显著;2)除AS处理可显著降低土壤pH值外,AW与SW处理均显著提高了土壤pH值;3)AS组处理前期对碱性磷酸酶活性的提升仅为6.10%,但随着AS组处理时间的延长,影响逐渐增大为16.50%;4)土壤微生物数量与土壤酶活性呈正相关.蚯蚓粪与根际促生菌配施在城市绿地改良中具有良好的应用潜力,为今后城市绿地建设提供了一种可行的方法.

In order to investigate the effects of vermicompost combined with rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria on soil biological activity and its physical properties,the in situ restoration experiment was carried out at Muxi Garden,Chenshan Botanical Garden,Songjiang District,Shanghai.Four treatment groups were set up,including rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria(AS)Bacillus velezensis(AW),rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria plus vermicompost(SW),and control(CK)without application.The dynamic changes of soil enzyme activities and soil microorganisms in the topsoil of 10-25 cm under different treatments were analyzed,and their effects on the physical properties of soil pH value and EC value were also analyzed.The results showed that:1)compared with CK group,the other three experimental groups significantly increased the corresponding soil fertility indexes,and SW group had the most significant increase in the number of soil bacteria and fungi,and in the activities of soil urease,sucrase,catalase,acid phosphatase,alkaline phosphatase and neutral phosphatase;2)Except AS group,AW group and SW group increased soil pH value significantly;3)The activity of alkaline phosphatase in AS group was only increased by 6.1%in the early stage of treatment,but with the extension of treatment time in AS group,the effect gradually increased to 16.50%;4)The number of soil microorganisms was positively correlated with soil enzyme activity.These results indicated that the combination application of vermicompost and rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria had good application potential in urban green space improvement,and provided a feasible method for urban green space construction in the future.