气候变化下美国海岸带地区韧性规划及其启示——以德克萨斯州为例

Enlightenment and Resilience Planning for Coastal Areas of the United States Under Climate Change: Taking Texas as an Example

全球气候变化使得滨海城市不断遭受灾害侵袭,海岸带韧性总体规划的提出对减轻滨海城市的损失具有重要的作用。德克萨斯州市政府通过评估自然资源的损害机制以及生态系统的负面影响,提出海岸带韧性总体规划的编制法案,来帮助沿海社区提高防灾能力、减轻自然灾害的影响。该文通过对德克萨斯州海岸带250个项目的研究分析,总结出德克萨斯州海岸带总体规划在编制上具有全面性、科学性和灵活性的特点。规划中涉及的风险预测模型、适应性管理法以及社会、生态、行政韧性策略,对我国海岸带韧性规划的编制有一定的启示作用。

Global climate change makes coastal cities continue to suffer from disasters. The proposal of the coastal resilience master plan plays an important role in reducing the losses of coastal cities. The Texas City Government, by assessing the damage mechanism of natural resources and the negative impact of the ecosystem, proposed a bill to prepare a coastal resilience master plan to help coastal communities improve their disaster prevention capabilities and reduce the impact of natural disasters. Based on the research and analysis of 250 projects in the Texas coastal zone, we conclude that the overall planning of the Texas coastal zone is comprehensive, scientific and flexible. The risk prediction model, adaptive management method and social, ecological and administrative resilience strategies involved in the plan have a certain enlightenment for the preparation of my country’s coastal resilience plan.