区域综合防灾视角下的铁路客站站前广场利用潜力分析

Analysis on the Utilization Potential of Railway Station Square from the Perspective of Regional Comprehensive Disaster Prevention

新冠疫情背景下区域综合防灾规划成为热点。站前广场作为联系城市与城市的集散地,是区域防灾,特别是都市圈防灾的重要节点,但我国目前对铁路客站站前广场及周边综合防灾效能和潜力的研究尚无定论。该文选取武汉都市圈56个铁路客站站前广场为研究对象,通过其所在区位将站前广场划分为中心型、边缘型、外围型三种类型,从站前广场的有效避难面积、环境空间比和所在站房最高聚集人数三个要素出发,结合相关规范,探讨了不同类型的站前广场作为紧急避难场所的适宜性,分析了站前广场作为避难场所的潜力并提出若干改进措施,以期对今后区域综合防灾及站前广场避难研究提供一定的参考。

Regional comprehensive disaster prevention planning has become a hot spot under the background of the new crown epidemic.As a distribution center connecting the city and the city, the station square is an important node for regional disaster prevention, especially the disaster prevention in the metropolitan area. However, Chinese current research on the comprehensive disaster prevention effectiveness and potential of the railway passenger station square and its surroundings is still inconclusive. In this paper we select 56 railway passenger station squares in Wuhan metropolitan area as the research object, and divide the squares in front of the station into three types: central,edge, and peripheral based on their location. From the effective refuge area and environmental space ratio of the square in front of the station based on three elements of the highest number of people gathered in the station building, combined with relevant regulations, the suitability of different types of station squares as emergency shelters was discussed, and the potential of the station squares as shelters were analyzed and several improvement measures were proposed, so as to provide a certain reference for the future research on regional comprehensive disaster prevention and evacuation in station square.