近代曼谷华人店屋建筑研究

Neoteric Chinese Shophouse in Bangkok

店屋在近代曼谷由水上聚落转变为陆上城市的过程中扮演了重要角色,是当地主要的城市建筑类型之一。曼谷店屋主要采用天井式、无外廊的建筑形态,具有和马来半岛等地区骑楼店屋不同的建筑特征。对其进行研究,有助于把握近代东南亚商贸建筑的全貌,并加深对中国传统建筑在海外传播衍变的认识。该文采用建筑类型学和跨学科综合比较的研究方法,指出曼谷店屋具有退台式、悬挑式、齐平式、阳台式等类型。而其无外廊的建筑样式选择,则受到来自于地理气候条件、潮汕移民文化、法国殖民文化等多方面的因素影响制约。

Shophouse, one of the main kinds of local urban architecture, played an important role in the transformation of Bangkok from a water settlement to an inland city in neoteric times. The shophouse in Bangkok is mainly in the form of patio without veranda, which is different from the verandah in Malay Peninsula region. The research on it will not only help to grasp the panorama of neoteric commercial buildings in Southeast Asia, but also deepen the understanding of the spread and evolution of traditional Chinese architecture abroad.Based on the research methods of architectural typology and interdisciplinary comprehensive comparison, we conclude that the shophouse in Bangkok has types of backward terrace, cantilevered structure and nonconcavo-convex facade or balcony. The choice of its architectural style without veranda is restricted by many factors, such as geographical climate condition, Chaoshan immigration culture, French colonial culture, etc.