论元明戏曲中的墓祭礼俗及其文化内涵

On the Rites and Customs of Tomb Sacrifice and Their Cultural Connotation in the Dramas of Yuan and Ming Dynasties

墓祭是古代民间祭祖的重要形式之一,是人们日常生活中普遍参与的一项重要民俗活动。元明戏曲作品中有着大量关于民间墓祭活动的描写,这些情节反映了当时墓祭活动的时间选择、祭祀用品、祭祀仪节以及孝道文化、饮食文化、信仰文化等诸多信息。探究戏曲作品中的墓祭礼俗活动,一方面可以加深我们对当时民间习俗的认知,另一方面也有助于我们更好地理解作品中丰富的文化内涵以及剧作者的创作心理,无论就民俗学还是就戏曲史而言,都有着一定的学术价值,具有学科交叉的特别意义。

Tomb sacrifice is one of the important forms of ancient folk ancestor worship, and it is an important folk activity commonly involved in people’s daily life. There are a lot of descriptions of folk tomb sacrifice activities in the dramas of Yuan and Ming Dynasties, which reflect the time selection, sacrificial supplies, sacrificial rites, filial piety culture, diet culture, belief culture and so on.Exploring the rites and customs of tomb sacrifice activities in drama works, on the one hand, can deepen our cognition to the folk customs at that time, on the other hand can help us better understand the cultural connotation of the drama works and the mental process of the creators. No matter in terms of folklore or drama history, it has a certain academic value, and the special significance of interdisciplinarity.