论明清地方志女性人物传记的编纂——以五部《朝邑县志》为例

On Compilation of Biography of Female Characters in Ming and Qing Local Chronicles——Taking the Five "Chaoyi County Chronicles" as an Example

从明清时期问世的五部《朝邑县志》可知,其女性人物传记的编纂在体例、手法、叙议结合的传述模式,及纂者编纂态度、动机等方面,都有明显的沿袭与变化。明代方志传女性所秉持的存故实、警顽懦及批判社会意图,到清代则演变为以宣扬女性守节、禁锢女性思想为主。这种变化,与入清以来官方意识形态的调整与变化,及朝廷和地方政府借史志编纂引导舆论、教化习俗以禁锢人性的策略有根本联系。

In the five "Chaoyi County Chronicles" of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the compilation of female biographies has obvious inheritance and changes in terms of style, technique, and the narrative mode with the combination of narration and discussion, as well as the editing attitude and motivation of the editors. The local chronicles in the Ming Dynasty adopted the intention of keeping facts,warning of the disobedience and mediocrity and criticizing the society, and in the Qing Dynasty, they evolved to advocate the idea of women’s chastity and confinement of women’s thoughts. This change was fundamentally related to the adjustments and changes of the official ideology since the Qing Dynasty, as well as the strategies of the imperial court and local governments to guide public opinions through the compilation of historical records.