河南省实施常见职业性放射性疾病诊断标准的调查

Implementation of Diagnostic Criteria for Common Occupational Radiation Diseases in Henan Province

依据标准评估方案,针对标准的宣贯培训、实施效果和标准质量等,对河南省职业性放射性疾病诊断医师、放射卫生监督人员和放射工作人员进行问卷调查,评估常见职业性放射性疾病诊断标准在河南省的应用情况,为标准的制修订、宣贯提出建议。结果表明:(1)共调查11名职业性放射性疾病诊断医师、35名放射卫生监督人员和595名放射工作人员;(2)职业性放射性疾病诊断医师和放射卫生监督人员接受标准培训率100%;(3)职业性放射性疾病诊断医师对5项标准掌握率为90.19%~100%;(4)放射卫生监督人员对《职业性放射性肿瘤判断规范》标准知晓率较低,为54.29%;(5)职业性放射性疾病诊断医师、放射卫生监督人员对标准可行性判定和标准制修订建议主要是剂量阈值、剂量估算等问题;(6)放射工作人员对辐射致癌的正确理解率低,为58.49%~64.37%;(7)放射工作人员对职业性放射性疾病诊断工作建议较多的是加强培训,加强个人剂量监测、职业健康检查,强化卫生监督执法等。

In view of the publicity training,implementation effect and quality of diagnostic criteria for occupational radiation diseases,a questionnaire survey was conducted among physicians,radiation health supervisors and radiation workers in Henan Province,to evaluate their application and make suggestions for their formulation,revision and publicity.A total of 11 physicians,35 supervisors and 595 workers were gotten involved.We find that the training rate of physicians and supervisors are 100%;the mastery rate of physicians is 90.19%to 100%for different criteria.The supervisors′awareness rate of“the Judgement standard of occupational radiogenic neoplasmsis”as low as 54.29%.The correct understanding rate of radiation carcinogens by workers is low,ranging from 58.49%to 64.37%.The feasibility determination and revising suggestions of the criteria by physicians and supervisors are mainly the dose threshold and dose estimation.Workers pay more attention to the diagnosis of occupational radiation diseases,and suggest strengthening training,personal dose monitoring,occupational health examination,