方以智的理一分殊诠释学路径探析

An Analysis of Fang Yizhi’s Hermeneutic Approach to One Unified Principle and Different Embodiments

在宋明理学中扮演着重要角色的理一分殊,在方以智思想中有着完整的运用。方以智将《中庸》《易传》《礼运》结合起来进行论述,以《中庸》之首三句为纲目,对“道”“性”“教”中所蕴含的思维方法、诠释架构等进行了逐层剖析。在对“道”的分析中主要从太极之普遍性,一与二的关系着手,在对“性”解析时紧扣性命、公性独性而发,在关于“教”的阐述中对“以立教为权”之政府、立教之六经进行了深刻剖析,将理一分殊思想原则的普适性、灵活性展现出来,从而为正学、传道指明方向。

“One Unified Principle and Different Embodiments”played an important role in Neo-Confucianism in the Song and Ming dynasties,which has a complete application in Fang Yizhi’s thoughts.Fang Yizhi discusses the Doctrine of the Mean,Yi Zhuan and Li Yun together.Taking the first three sentences of the Doctrine of the Mean as the outline,Fang Yizhi analyzes the thinking method and interpretation framework contained in“Tao”,“Nature”and“Education”layer by layer.In the analysis of the“Tao”,mainly from the universality of Tai Chi on the relationship between one and two in hand,discussing the nature from nature to life to the universality of character and particularity of character.In the exposition of“Education”,the publicity of the government and the Six Classics of Education are deeply analyzed,showing the universality and flexibility of“One Unified Principle and Different Embodiments”ideological principle,so as to point out the direction for the right learning and preaching.