非物质文化遗产景观基因识别及其意象研究--以羌年为例

A Study on the Identification of Intangible Cultural Heritage Landscape Genes and Their Imagery--Qiangnian as an Example

羌年是羌族文化的突出体现,也是非遗文化系统的重要组成部分。引入景观基因理论,将传承载体特征、表达形式特征、民俗信仰特征、文化意象特征四个特征维度作为羌年的主导性基因特征,进而构建起羌年景观基因识别的指标体系。研究指出,传承羌年须依托祭祀塔、柏枝等关键性空间载体,同时,羌年传承的产品载体具有典型的“六畜”符号特征。此外,羌年集中表达了万物有灵、敬畏自然、新年平安、风调雨顺的复合性文化意象。研究结果有助于提高对羌年文化景观的识别能力、提升民族文化影响力,为羌年的保护、传承与长效发展提供理论依据。

The new year of Qiang calendar is the outstanding embodiment of Qiang culture,and also an important part of the intangible cultural heritage system.In this study,landscape gene theory was introduced,meaning mining and perception mining methods were used comprehensively,and four characteristic dimensions of inheritance carrier feature,expression form feature,folk belief feature and cultural image feature were taken as the dominant gene characteristics of the new year of Qiang calendar,and then the suitability index system of landscape gene identification of the new year of Qiang calendar was constructed.The research points out that the inheritance of the new year of Qiang calendar must rely on the key space carrier of sacrificial tower and cypress branch,and the product carrier of the new year of Qiang calendar inheritance has the typical symbol characteristics of“Six Livestock”.In addition,the new year of Qiang calendar concentrates on expressing complex cultural images of animism,reverence for nature,peace in the New Year and good weather.On the one hand,the research results are helpful to improve the recognition ability of cultural landscape of the new year of Qiang calendar and enhance the influence of national culture.On the other hand,it also provides an important theoretical basis for the protection,inheritance and long-term development of the new year of Qiang calendar.