抗菌肽对育成期母貂生长性能、养分表观消化率及肠道菌群的影响

Effects of Antimicrobial Peptide on Growth Performance,Nutrient Apparent Digestibilities and Intestinal Flora of Growing Female Minks

本试验旨在探究抗菌肽对育成期母貂生长性能、养分表观消化率及肠道菌群的影响。选取65日龄体重相近的短毛黑母貂60只,随机分为6组,每组10个重复,每个重复1只。各组饲粮中分别添加0(对照组)、100、200、300、400、500 mg/kg的抗菌肽(天蚕素活性多肽)。预试期1周,正试期8周。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,200 mg/kg抗菌肽添加组末重、平均日增重显著升高(P<0.05),100、200、400、500 mg/kg抗菌肽添加组体长显著升高(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,200、300、400 mg/kg抗菌肽添加组1~5周粗蛋白质表观消化率显著升高(P<0.05),100、200、300、400 mg/kg抗菌肽添加组6~8周粗脂肪表观消化率显著升高(P<0.05)。3)与对照组相比,200、300 mg/kg抗菌肽添加组Ace指数显著升高(P<0.05),300 mg/kg抗菌肽添加组Chao1指数显著升高(P<0.05)。在门水平上,与对照组相比,100、200 mg/kg抗菌肽添加组厚壁菌门相对丰度显著升高(P<0.05),100、200、300 mg/kg抗菌肽添加组变形菌门相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05)。在属水平上,与对照组相比,200、300 mg/kg抗菌肽添加组乳酸菌属相对丰度显著升高(P<0.05),400 mg/kg抗菌肽添加组伯克霍尔德菌属相对丰度显著升高(P<0.05),100、200、300、400和500 mg/kg抗菌肽添加组梭菌属相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05)。综合以上指标,在本试验条件下,饲粮中添加100、200 mg/kg抗菌肽可提高育成期母貂末重、平均日增重、体长以及粗蛋白质和粗脂肪表观消化率,调节菌群多样性,提高厚壁菌门、乳酸菌属相对丰度,降低变形菌门、梭菌属相对丰度。

The present experiment was conducted to explore the effects of antimicrobial peptide on growth performance,nutrient apparent digestibilities and intestinal flora of growing female minks. Sixty short-haired black female minks with similar body weight at 65 days of age were selected and divided into 6 groups with 10 replicates per group and 1 mink per replicate. Minks in six groups were fed basal diets supplemented with 0(control group),100,200,300,400 and 500 mg/kg antimicrobial peptide,respectively. The pre-test lasted for 1 week,and the experiment lasted for 8 weeks. The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group,the final weight and average daily gain of 200 mg/kg antimicrobial peptide addition group were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the body length of 100,200,400 and 500 mg/kg antimicrobial peptide addition groups was significantly increased(P<0.05). 2)Compared with the control group,the crude protein apparent digestibility during 1 to 5 weeks of 200,300 and 400 mg/kg antimicrobial peptide addition groups was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the ether extract apparent digestibility during 6 to 8 weeks of 100,200,300 and 400 mg/kg antimicrobial peptide addition groups was significantly increased(P<0.05). 3)Compared with the control group,the Ace index of 200 and 300 mg/kg antimicrobial peptide addition groups was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the Chao1 index of 300 mg/kg antimicrobial peptide addition group was significantly increased(P<0.05). At the phylum level,compared with the control group,the Firmicutes relative abundance of 100 and 200 mg/kg antimicrobial peptide addition groups was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the Proteobacteria relative abundance of 100,200 and 300 mg/kg antimicrobial peptide addition groups was significantly decreased(P<0.05). At the genus level,compared with the control group,the Lactobacillus relative abundance of 200 and 300 mg/kg antimicrobial peptide addition groups was significantly increased(P<0.05),the Burkholderia relative abundance of 400 mg/kg antimicrobial peptide addition group was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the Clostridium relative abundance of 100,200,300,400 and 500 mg/kg antimicrobial peptide addition groups was significantly decreased(P<0.05). In conclusion,under this experimental condition,dietary supplemented with 100 and 200 mg/kg antimicrobial peptide can improve final weight,average daily gain,body length and apparent digestibilities of crude peotein and ether extract,adjust the diversity of intestinal flora,increase the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Lactobacillus,and decrease the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Clostridium of growing female minks.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2022,34(2):1194-1204]