黄河流域水生生物资源评估及问题诊断

The Aquatic Organisms Resources in the Yellow River Basin:Assessment and Problem Diagnosis

近几十年来,随着全球气候的变化和社会经济的发展,受筑坝建闸、河道断流、水质恶化、酷渔滥捕、人工引种、海水入侵、调水调沙等因素影响,黄河流域水生生物多样性及资源量呈下降趋势。在目前流域内多目标同步推进的要求下,黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展正不断面临新的挑战。通过分析黄河流域水生生物多样性和资源量在时空分布上的演变规律,明确了是水资源短缺、工程建设、水环境恶化等因素的共同作用导致了黄河流域的水生态危机。基于绿色生态、高质量发展的科学管理理念,提出了新时代黄河流域水文-环境-生态协同保护与修复的发展策略,为促进黄河流域水资源保护和生态系统可持续发展提供数据支持与理论参考。

In recent decades,with global climate change and socio-economic development,the aquatic biodiversity and resources in the Yellow River Basin have been declined due to dam-building,river cut-off,water quality deterioration,overfishing,artificial introduction,seawater intrusion,water and sand diversion,etc.At present,with the simultaneous development of multiple objectives within the Yellow River Basin,the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin are facing new challenges.This study analyzed the evolution law of spatiotemporal distribution of aquatic biodiversity and resources in the Yellow River Basin and reported that the aquatic biological crisis was induced by water resources shortage,engineering construction,and deterioration of the water environment.Besides,according to the scientific management concept of green ecology and high-quality development,this study put forward the development strategy of“Hydrology-Environment-Ecology”coordinated protection and restoration in the Yellow River Basin in the new era.This study provides data support and a theoretical reference for promoting water resources protection and sustainable development of the ecosystem in the Yellow River Basin.