基于Kriging模型的钢铝异质板料无铆钉铆接结构工艺参数优化

Optimization on structural process parameters in clinching for steel-aluminum heterogeneous sheets based on Kriging model

针对钢铝异质板料无铆钉铆接成形接头力学性能差的问题,对铆接过程的结构工艺参数优化开展研究。以提高接头的最大抗拉力和抗剪力为目标,首先,建立了无铆钉铆接成形过程数值仿真模型,通过对比接头截面关键尺寸,验证了数值模型的可靠性;其次,对主要结构工艺参数进行拉丁超立方抽样试验,获取代表性样本点集及其数值仿真结果;随后,利用Kriging模型对接头的颈厚值和自锁值进行预测,预测相对误差小于10%,验证了Kriging模型的预测能力;最后,将Kriging模型与遗传算法相结合,进行结构工艺参数的多目标优化,采用优化后的结构工艺参数进行试验,无铆钉铆接接头的最大抗拉力提高了9.4%,最大抗剪切力提高了26.4%,验证了优化结果的有效性。

Aiming at the problem of poor mechanical properties for joints formed by clinching steel-aluminum heterogeneous sheets,the optimization of structural process parameters in the clinching process was studied.To improve the maximum tensile and shear resistance forces of the joint,firstly,a numerical simulation model of the clinching process was established,and the reliability of the numerical model was verified by comparing the key dimensions of the joint section.Secondly,for the main structural process parameters,the Latin hypercube sampling test was conducted to obtain representative sample point set and its numerical simulation results.Then,the neck thickness value and self-locking value of the joint were predicted by Kriging approximate model,and the relative error of the prediction was less than 10%to verify the predictive ability of Kriging model.Finally,the multi-objective optimization of structural process parameters was performed by combing Kriging model with genetic algorithm.Furthermore,the test was conducted by the optimized structural process parameters,the maximum tensile resistance force of clinching joints was increased by 9.4%,and the maximum shear resistance force was increased by 26.4%,which verified the effectiveness of the optimization results.