选区激光熔化成型镁合金构件关键技术综述

Review on key technologies of selective laser melting forming magnesium alloy components

选区激光熔化成型镁合金构件性能优异且个性化程度高,在工业生产、生物医疗等多个领域具有重要应用意义。首先,对选区激光熔化成型镁合金技术的基本原理与技术特点进行了简要阐释;其次,基于选区激光熔化成型镁合金技术的国内外研究现状,将目前已有研究成果与尚未解决的技术问题进行归纳与总结;再次,对选区激光熔化成型镁合金关键技术进行分析,对主要技术难点及其解决方案进行综述;最后,对选区激光熔化成型镁合金发展趋势进行探讨,指出今后可在以下方面进行深入研究:1)优化现有工艺参数与成型仓风道等机械除尘结构,通过主动抑尘与被动抑尘相结合的方法提高成型质量;2)通过工艺调控减少成型缺陷,制备高性能镁合金构件;3)优化粉末筛分结构,提高成型安全性。

Selective laser melting forming magnesium alloy components have excellent performance and high degree of individuation, which has important application significance in industrial production, biomedicine and other fields.Firstly, the basic principle and technical characteristics of selective laser melting forming magnesium alloy were briefly explained.Then, based on the research status of selective laser melting forming magnesium alloy technology at home and abroad, the existing research results and unresolved technical problems were summarized.On this basis, the key technologies of selective laser melting forming magnesium alloys were analyzed, and the main technical difficulties and their solutions were comprehensively summarized.Finally, the development trend of selective laser melting forming magnesium alloys was discussed, and further research can be carried out in the following aspects: 1) optimize the existing process parameters and forming bin air duct and other mechanical dust removal structure for improving the forming quality through active dust suppression and passive dust suppression methods;2) prepare high performance magnesium alloy components by reducing forming defects through process control;3) optimize powder screening structure to improve molding safety.