资产分享理念下境外追回腐败资产处置的规范

Regulations on the Disposal of Corrupt Assets Recovered Overseas under the Concept of Asset Sharing

我国对通过国际刑事司法协助所追回的腐败资产的处置存在信息不明、去向单一和监管不力等问题。这一定程度上是由于实践中对处置工作不够重视、犯罪资产没收理念相对较为封闭以及国内涉案财物相关立法存在缺陷等因素所造成的。在此情形下,基于资产分享理念的逐案协商的国际追赃合作,能够成为刑事司法协助的一种替代选择。国际社会在腐败资产处置理念、前置审查、按需分配、追踪监督等方面的实践为我国提供了经验。我国需要立足于国情,通过完善处置原则、明确职责归属、维护合法权益、建构监督机制等途径,以形成合理有效的境外追回腐败资产处置模式,从而不断扩大境外追赃成果,有效建立起境外追赃的长效机制。

Disposal of corrupt assets recovered by mutual legal assistance has problems such as unclear information,single destination,and weak supervision.To a certain extent,it is due to the indifference to the disposal of overseas recovered assets in practice,the relatively closed concept of criminal asset confiscation,and flawed domestic legislation related to stolen money and goods.Under this circumstance,based on asset sharing,negotiation of asset recovery on a case-by-case basis for international cooperation in overseas assets recovery can fully become an alternative to criminal judicial assistance.International asset recovery practice has provided valuable experience in terms of disposal concepts,pre-examination,distribution on demand,and tracking and supervision.Standardized disposal of recovered corrupt assets needs to be based on national conditions,and form a reasonable and effective disposal model for overseas recovered corrupt assets by improving the principles of disposal,clarifying responsibilities,safeguard legitimate interests,and establishing a supervision mechanism.This further expands the results of overseas recovery of corrupt assets and stablish a long-term mechanism to recover overseas stolen assets.