骨水泥型与生物型人工半髋置换术治疗高龄股骨颈骨折的临床效果

Clinical effect of bone cement type and biological type artificial hemi hip replacement in the treatment of elderly patients with femoral neck fracture

目的探讨骨水泥型与生物型人工半髋置换术治疗高龄股骨颈骨折的临床效果。方法选取2020年1月至2021年6月阳江市阳东区人民医院骨科收治的90例高龄股骨颈骨折患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组(45例)与观察组(45例)。对照组患者采用生物型人工半髋置换术,观察组患者采用骨水泥型人工半髋置换术。比较两组患者的临床指标情况、Harris髋关节功能评分、视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分及术后并发症发生情况。结果观察组患者的手术时间短于对照组,术中出血量、术后引流量少于对照组,住院时间短于对照组,开始负重时间早于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者术后1个月的Harris评分高于对照组,手术效果优良率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术前,两组患者的VAS评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后1个月,观察组患者的VAS评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者的并发症总发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论骨水泥型人工半髋置换术与生物型人工半髋置换术治疗高龄股骨颈骨折的效果比较,前者更为显著,有手术时间短、术中出血量与术后引流量少、住院时间短、开始负重时间早等优势,能够有效提升短期效果,降低术后疼痛。

Objective To explored the clinical effect of bone cement type and biological type artificial hemi hip replacement in the treatment of elderly patients with femoral neck fracture.Methods A total of 90 elderly patients with femoral neck fracture admitted to the Department of Orthopedics in Yangdong District People′s Hospital of Yangjiang City from January 2020 to June 2021 were selected as the study subjects,and they were divided into control group(45 cases)and observation group(45 cases)by random number table method.The control group used biological artificial hemi hip replacement,and the observation group used bone cement artificial hemi hip replacement.Clinical indicators,Harris hip function score,visual analogue scale(VAS)score and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups.Results The operation time of observation group was shorter than that of control group,the intraoperative blood loss and postoperative drainage volume were less than those of control group,the hospital stay was shorter than that of control group,and the weight-bearing time was earlier than that of control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The Harris score of the observation group was higher than that of the control group at one month after surgery,and the rate of excellent and good operation effect was higher than that of the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Before surgery,there was no significant difference in VAS score between the two groups(P>0.05).One month after surgery,VAS score of observation group was lower than that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the total incidence of complications between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion Compared with biological type artificial hemi hip replacement,bone cement type artificial hemi hip replacement is more significant in the treatment of senile femoral neck fracture,with advantages such as short operation time,less intraoperative blood loss and postoperative drainage,short hospital stay,and early weight-bearing time,which can effectively improve the short-term effect and reduce postoperative pain.