TRIZ真的是创新“点金术”吗——对浙江省TRIZ应用效果的分析

Is TRIZ Really an Innovative"Midas Touch":Application Analysis of TRIZ Based on Zhejiang Province

TRIZ在宣传中被誉为创新“点金术”,但在实际应用中却毁誉参半。为回答TRIZ是否真的能够“点石成金”,对TRIZ的适用性、工具效果和综合效益进行研究。基于浙江省148个TRIZ应用案例进行统计分析,研究发现:第一,TRIZ行业适用性广,能够实现多样化目标;第二,不同TRIZ工具效果差异较大,技术矛盾与40条发明原理是最有效的TRIZ工具,概念方案中有37.73%都与之相关,运用该工具平均每产生3.98个概念方案就会生成一个解决方案;第三,TRIZ工具的经济效益和知识效益比社会效益更显著。据此,工程师应根据问题和任务需求灵活选择TRIZ工具,对效率不高的TRIZ工具进行优化,重视和提高TRIZ的社会效益。

TRIZ can enhance the R&D capabilities of enterprises,and thus has gained the reputation as“the Midas touch”in media.However TRIZ is experiencing many queries in application and falling flat in different industries.Because firstly the development process of TRIZ has not been peer reviewed,which is not in line with the general procedure of the birth of scientific theory,and there is a natural"legitimacy crisis".Secondly,the process of using TRIZ to solve technical problems is difficult to repeat,and the problem-solving results often vary from person to person.Thirdly in the process of practical application,there are some problems including difficulties in learning TRIZ theory,exaggerated use effect of TRIZ by promoters,misuse of TRIZ tools by users,low efficiency of importing and applying TRIZ tool system,and differences in industrial scenarios in using TRIZ theory.To verify whether TRIZ can contribute so much like the real“the Midas touch”,the effectiveness and application rules of TRIZ need to be clarified.Existing studies generally have deficiencies such as insufficient and poor quality of samples or research design defects.According to research and advice by Spreafico and Ilevbare,we designed an exact data collection plan from from ZheJiang Province,China,with the help of local government.Based on the empirical evidence of 148 cases,this paper collects three kinds of data of TRIZ under supervision,including the applicability of TRIZ,the use of TRIZ tools and the benefits of TRIZ use.The survey content mainly includes three types of data.The first is TRIZ applicability data,such as industry applicability,application purpose,etc.The next is the application data and conceptual schemes of TRIZ tools,including the application frequency of 12 TRIZ tools and the total number of conceptual schemes(including duplication and de duplication),and the third covers comprehensive benefit data,mainly including economic benefits,intellectual property benefits and social benefits.Multiple linear regression and Logit regression were selected as main research methods of calculation based on the statistics from samples above.According to the calculations,we can find the following findings.First,TRIZ can be applied in industries widely and can achieve diversified goals.Second,the effectiveness of different TRIZ tools is quite distinguishing.Technical contradiction and 40 inventive principles,which contribute 37.73%of conceptual solutions of all,are the most effective TRIZ tools.For every 3.98 conceptual solutions generated by technical contradiction and 40 inventive principles,one of them will be finally adopted.Third,the economic benefits and intellectual benefits of TRIZ application are better than social benefits.According to the calculation results,this paper draws the following conclusions on TRIZ further.First,TRIZ tools should be matched according to the type of technical problem flexibly and improve the pertinence of problem-solving.Second,users should keep close eyes on these tools with very low efficiency,and optimize less efficient tools such as multi-screen and inventive thinking.Third,the improvement of TRIZ tools needs to highlight social benefits.In the regression models,only IFR,resource analysis and physical contradiction have significant positive impacts on social benefits.Although this research has answered some questions about TRIZ,there are still some work to do.The survey data of this study only comes from high-tech enterprises and there are limitations about the samples,thus the research results can not represent the disruptive innovation of all enterprises.For the future research,researchers can try to expand the geographical scope and quantity of the sample to overcome this problem.Futhermore,this paper only puts forward positive assumptions and one-way effects.In management practice,it will be an interesting exploration on whether there is a nonlinear relationship between alliance management ability and enterprise disruptive technological innovation,such as U-shaped relationship or inverted U-shaped relationship.Researchers can expand more situational variables and analyze their indirect impact on enterprise knowledge management and disruptive technological innovation,they can also explore the root causes of the differences in effectiveness and benefits of tools.