医疗机器人在肺部小结节诊疗中的应用现状及前景展望

Application and prospect of medical robot in diagnosis and treatment of small pulmonary nodule

近年来,肺部小结节的微创诊疗技术突飞猛进;无论是介入机器人支气管镜还是手术机器人系统,均在不停地迭代更新,不断趋于完善以契合临床需求,为医生及患者带来了医疗获益;但机器人支气管镜及国产手术机器人的普及程度仍偏低。目前机器人支气管镜包括Monarch^(TM)平台和Ion^(TM)系统,分别于2018年、2019年被美国食品药品监督管理局批准使用,其具有运动精确、灵活性高、稳定性强的特点,可实现8级以下支气管的导航活检,活检率、诊断率以及并发症发生率等各方面均优于传统的支气管镜;目前广泛使用的手术机器人系统为Da Vinci手术机器人,已成熟应用于胸外科各手术领域,包括肺、食管、纵隔等。国产化的手术机器人系统已获批应用,国产化的机器人支气管镜也正在积极的研发与试验过程中。医疗机器人的应用前景广大,国产设备研发空间广阔。

Rapid progress has been seen in the minimally invasive diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary nodule in recent years;both interventional robotic bronchoscope and surgical robot system are constantly updated and improved to meet clinical needs,which bring medical benefits to doctors and patients.However,the popularity of medical robots,especially robotic bronchoscope and domestic surgical robot,remains low.Robotic bronchoscope including Monarch^(TM) and Ion^(TM),which were approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration in 2018 and 2019 respectively,is characterized with precise motion,high flexibility and strong stability,and can realize the navigation and biopsy of bronchus below grade 8.The biopsy rate,diagnosis rate and complication result of robotic bronchoscope are better than that of traditional bronchoscope.The widely used surgical robot system,Da Vinci system,is applied in all areas of thoracic surgery,including lung,esophagus,and mediastinum.Domestic surgical robot system has been approved for application,and the domestic robotic bronchoscope is also on the way.There is a great prospective for the application of medical robots and the development of domestic equipment.