基于FTA的飞机燃油箱作业危害辨识与安全作业指导模型研究

Research on Hazard Identification and Safety Operation Guidance Model of Aircraft Fuel Tank Operations Based on FTA

飞机燃油箱内作业是一种典型的有限空间作业,存在油箱外火灾、油箱内闪燃、中毒窒息、机械伤害等多种风险。运用事故树分析法对飞机中央翼油箱内部维修改装作业进行了系统分析,通过对最小割集和各基本事件的结构重要度分析,得出机上燃油排放、持续通风检测、防护的配套选型、应急救援的科学实施等作业过程中的关键环节和因素。引入岗位安全标准作业指导书,将事故树的分析结果融入到安全措施中,提出了具体安全作业指导模型与实施步骤。本文的研究和实践成果为飞机油箱等危险作业提供了一种分析和操作的工作指南。

The operations in aircraft fuel tank are typical limited space operations,which exist risks including fire outside the tank,flash fire inside the tank,poisoning asphyxia,mechanical injury and so on. This manuscript systematically analyzed the internal maintenance and modification operations of the aircraft’s central wing fuel tank based on the fault tree analysis(FTA). Through the structural importance analysis of the minimum cut set and each basic event,the key links and factors in the operation process including fuel emission,continuous ventilation detection,supporting selection of protection and scientific implementation of emergency rescue were obtained. In this manuscript,the safety standard operation procedure(SSOP)was introduced. Through integrating the results of FTA,the specific safety operation guidance model and implementation steps were proposed. The research and practical results provided instructions for the analysis and operation in aircraft fuel tank and other similar hazardous operations.