既有普速铁路合金钢辙叉优化研究

Design Optimization Research on Existing Ordinary Speed Railway Alloy Steel Frog

为解决既有普速铁路锻制合金钢心轨组合辙叉使用寿命短,养护维修量大,更换作业频繁等问题,针对现场辙叉翼轨磨耗过量、心轨伤损、胶垫压溃窜出、间隔铁螺栓断裂等典型病害,采用延长翼轨平直段范围至心轨理论尖端增加轨头实际承载面积、刨切翼轨轨头0~4 mm减小轨侧连接圆弧所占宽度、强化叉心结构及下部支承避免弹性垫板失效、调整间隔铁布置提高辙叉对列车荷载和纵向力的承受能力、加强螺栓防松措施方便现场安装使用、设计新型垫板改善轮载过渡冲击等措施,在保持垫板钉孔不变的条件下,对锻制合金钢心轨组合辙叉结构进行系统优化,可有效提高辙叉翼轨的耐磨性及结构的整体性,延长辙叉使用寿命。优化后的锻制合金钢心轨组合辙叉能够现场替换既有辙叉使用,具有较好的可实施性。

In order to solve the problems of short service life,large amount of maintenance and frequent replacement of the existing forged alloy steel point rail bolted rigid frog,aiming at the typical diseases such as excessive wear of wing rail,damage of forged point rail,collapse of the rubber pad,fracture of the spacer iron bolt and so on,a series of measures are adopted to optimize the alloy steel frog structure systematically under the condition of keeping the nail hole of the base plate unchanged,including extending the straight section of the wing rail to the frog theoretical center for increasing actual bearing area of the rail head,cutting the wing rail head 0~4 mm to reduce the width of the rail side connecting arc,strengthening the forged point rail and the lower support to avoid the failure of elastic base plate,adjusting the spacing block arrangement to improve the frog bearing capacity to the train load and longitudinal force,strengthening the bolt anti loosening measures to facilitate on-site installation and use,designing a new type of base plate to improve the wheel load transition impact.The optimized forged alloy steel point rail bolted rigid frog can be used to improve the wear resistance of the wing rail and the integrity of the structure effectively,and prolong the frog service life.In addition,the optimized forged alloy steel point rail bolted rigid frog can be used to replace the existing frog on site,which meets the demand of use and has good practicability.