论法律的价值证立之必要性

On the Necessity of the Value Justification of the Law

对法律进行价值层面的证立是必不可少的,本文试图为法律构建一种价值导向的哲学基础。不存在价值中立的法律秩序;无论是涉及法律的目的设定的规则,还是仅涉及法律的程序设定的规则,均建立在价值之上。评价的正确性标准可以从以下两种视角予以阐述:(1)有些价值在历史上获得了主体间承认,并在经验上被验证,但它们是否能作为法律秩序的基础是一个合目的性问题;(2)有些价值能够在人类学的基本事实中找到参照点,它们对每个法律秩序具有普遍约束力,应当成为法律的基础。价值作为法律秩序的基础,在联邦宪法法院的司法裁判中发挥了重要功能,而且价值术语也不会导致对公认的解释原则的侵犯。

It is essential to justify the value level of the law. This paper attempts to construct a value-oriented philosophical foundation for the law. There is no value-neutral legal order;both rules concerning the purpose-setting of the law, or only the procedural setting of the law, are based on values. The correctness criteria for evaluation can be formulated from the following two perspectives:(1) Some values have historically gained intersubjective recognition and have been empirically verified, but whether they can serve as the basis for a legal order is a question of purposiveness;(2) There are values that can find reference points in the basic facts of anthropology, which are universally binding on every legal order and should be the basis of law. Values, as the basis of the legal order, play an important role in the judicial decisions of the Federal Constitutional Court, and the terms of values do not lead to violations of accepted principles of interpretation.