阅读障碍者著作权合理使用条款解释

An Interpretation of Copyright Fair Use Clause for the Print Disabled

为保障弱势群体的文化权益,现行《著作权法》第24条第(1)款第(十二)项将合理使用的受益主体从"盲人"扩大为"阅读障碍者"。与之相应,向阅读障碍者提供作品的类型与无障碍格式版的表现形式应较旧法有所扩张,使其不限于文字作品及制成的盲文。基于我国呼唤市场主体参与制作无障碍版本的需求,可以允许其间接营利,亦不必规定商业不可获得性为适用条件。受益主体代理人法律定位的空缺,阻断了阅读障碍者私人获取作品的途径,有必要连同被授权实体一并规范定义。"提供已经发表的作品"的行为定性应建立在制作无障碍格式版属于复制还是改编的基础上。通过《著作权法实施条例》以及专门立法界定被授权实体及其行为性质等问题,有助于在实现阅读障碍者获取作品权益的同时平衡著作权人利益。

Article 24(1)(12) of the current Copyright Law expands the beneficiaries of fair use from the blind to the print disabled considering the cultural interest of disadvantage groups. In response to the change, the types of copyrighted works and the expression of accessible format version provided to the print disabled should be expanded compared with the former legislation, so that it is not limited to literary works and braille. Since our country calls for market subjects to participate in the production of accessible format version, the indirect profit-making behavior should be allowed, and commercial unavailability is not required as the applicable condition. The legal position vacancy of beneficiary agent blocks the private access to works for the print disabled, so it is necessary to standardize the definition along with authorized entities. The nature of the act of “making available to published works” is based on whether the making of accessible format version is reproduction or adaptation. Defining the authorized entities and the legal nature of their behaviors through the “Implementation Regulations of the Copyright Law” and special legislation will help to balance the interests of copyright owner while realizing the legal benefits of works by the print disabled.